Update: 2004-10-01 12:15 PM -0700

Pali Dictionary

You'll need only Arial Unicode MS font to read these files. Any other Unicode font may not display the characters correctly

Contents of this file: koṭṭhāsa |

Contents | Top

kautt

koṭṭhāsa

{kauṯ~hṯa tha.}

UMK-USL p22
n. the 32 constituent parts of the body: -- UKT: reader should check the spellings. Note the difference in transcription schemes of UMK-USL and PTS.
1. ke-sā (hair). 2. lo-mā (body-hair). 3. na-khā (finger or toe nail).
4. dan-tā (teeth). 5. ta-so (skin). 6. maṁ-saṁ (flesh).
7. nha-ru (sinew, nerve). 8. aṭṭhi (bone). 9. aṭṭhi-miñjaṁ (bone marrow).
10. vak-kaṁ (kidney). 11. ha-da-yaṁ (heart). 12. ya-ka-naṁ (liver)
13. ki-lo-ma-kaṁ (pleura). 14. pi-ha-kaṁ (spleen). 15. pap-phā-saṁ (lungs).
16. antaṁ (lower intestine, bowel). 17. an-ta-gu-ṇaṁ (mesentery). 18. u-da-ri-yaṁ (stomach).
19. ka-rī-saṁ (faeces). 20. mat-tha-luṅgaṁ (brain). 21. pit-taṁ (gall bladder).
22. se-mhaṁ (phlegm). 23. pubbo (pus). 24. lohitaṁ (blood).
25. se-do (sweat). 26. me-do (fat). 27. as-su (tears).
28. va-sā (oily fluid). 29. khe-ḷo (saliva). 30. siṅ-ghā-ṇi-kā (nasal mucus).
31. la-si-kā (synovial fluid). 32. mut-taṁ (urine)

UKT: transcriptions given by UMK-USL and by PTS are different. The reader should check the M-Pali spellings.

1. ke-sa (hair).

2. loma (body-hair) --. PTS p588

3. na-kha (finger or toe nail) -- PTS p345

4. danta (a tooth, a tusk esp. an elephant tusk, fang) -- PTS p313

5. ta-ca (skin, hide, the thick outer skin (contrast with chavi thin skin)) -- PTS p293. See kalyana

6.maŋ-sa (flesh, meat) -- PTS p511. See kalyana

7. nha-ru (sinew -- PTS p378 refers to nahāru PTS p349)
    nahāru -- sinew, tendon, muscle. In the anatomy of the body, nahāru occupies
    the place between maŋ-sa (flesh, soft flesh) and aṭṭhi (bone) -- PTS p349

8. aṭṭhi (a bone) -- PTS p16

9. aṭṭhi-miñjā (bone marrow) -- PTS p16
    miñjā (marrow, pith, kernel) -- PTS p532

10. vakka (kidney) -- PTS p591

11. ha-da-ya -- 1. heart (physical organ), 2. heart (seat of thought and feeling) -- PTS p728.

12. ya-ka-na (liver) -- PTS p545

13. ki-lo-ma-ka -- pleura -- PTS p217

14. pi-ha-ka (spleen) -- PTS p461

15. papphāsa   (lungs) -- PTS p413

16. anta (lower intestine, bowel, mesentery). -- PTS p46-47

17. an-ta-gu-ṇa (intestinal track, bowel). -- PTS p47

18. u-da-ri-ya (stomach) -- PTS p134

19. ka-rī-sa -- refuse, filth, excrement, dung -- PTS p196

20. mat-tha-lunga -- brain (check Myanmar spelling) -- PTS p518
mat-tha -- skull, head -- PTS p518. Compare with:
sīsa -- the head of the body -- PTS p713-714

21. pit-ta -- bile, gall; the bile as the seat of bilious temperament, excitement or anger.
In enumeration of the parts or affections of the body, pitta is as rule combined with se-mha
pitta-kosaka -- gall bladder -- PTS p459

22. se-mha -- phlegm -- PTS p723

23.pubba --
1. pus, matter, corruption.
    One of the 32 ākāras. Often used in combination as pubba-lohita matter and blood.
    pubba-vaṭṭi a lump of matter. -- PTS p467
2. (adj.) previous, former, before. The adj. never occurs in abs. forms by itself (for which see
    pubbaka -- former, ancient, living in former times).
    It is found either as -° or °- or cases as adv. .-- PTS p467-468

24. lohita --
1. (adj.) -- red; rarely by itself, usually in compounds. e.g.
    lohita kasiṇa -- artifice of red, red object.
2. (nt.) blood: one of the 32 ākāras.
    lohita akkha -- having red (blood-shot) eyes (or snakes and yakkhas) -- PTS p589

25. se-da -- sweat, sweating for medicinal purposes
mahā se-da -- a great steam bath
sambhāra se-da -- bringing about sweating by the use of herbs
se-da kamma -- sweating -- PTS p723

26.me-da -- fat
me-da ka-thā-li-ka -- cooking pot or saucepan for frying fat
me-do gaṇṭhi (check Myanmar spelling) -- an abscess of fat, fatty knot or tumour (a disease) -- PTS p541

27. as-su -- (nt.) tears -- PTS p91
as-su mu-kha -- (adj.) with tearful face -- PTS p91
as-su-ka -- tears -- PTS p91

28. va-sā --
1. (f.) cow (neither in calf nor giving suck)
2. (f.) fat, tallow, grease . -- PTS p605

29. khe-ḷa -- saliva.-- PTS p239

30. siṅ-ghā-ṇi-ka -- nasal mucus, snot -- PTS p709

31. la-si-kā -- the fluid which lubricates the joints, synovial fluid -- PTS p5852

32. mut-ta --
1. (pp. of muñcati) released, set free
2. (nt) urine
mutta-vatthi -- bladder -- PTS p537 (See PTS p599 for vatthi which itself is described as bladder.)

pañcaka -- PTS p389 (UKT: information provided by PTS is limited. Check further)
(adj.) fivefold, consisting of five. The 32 ākāras or constituents of the human body are divided into 4 groups of five (pentads pañcakas), and 2 groups of six:
• taca pañcaka -- (UKT: the "skin" group)
1. kesā (hair). 2. lomā (body-hair).
3. na-khā (nail). 4. dantā (tooth).
5. ta-so (skin)
• vakka pañcaka -- (UKT: the "kidney" group)
6. maṁ-saṁ (flesh). 7. nha-ru (sinew, nerve).
8. aṭṭhi (bone). 9. aṭṭhi-miñjaṁ (bone marrow).
10. vak-kaṁ (kidney).
• pap-phā-sa pañcaka -- (UKT: the "lungs" or inner organs group).
11. ha-da-yaṁ (heart). 12. ya-ka-naṁ (liver)
13. ki-lo-ma-kaṁ (pleura). 14. pi-ha-kaṁ (spleen).
15. pap-phā-saṁ (lungs).
• mat-tha-luṅgaṁ pañcaka -- (UKT: the "brain" group).
16. antaṁ (lower intestine, bowel). 17. an-ta-gu-ṇaṁ (mesentery).
18. u-da-ri-yaṁ (stomach). 19. ka-rī-saṁ (faeces).
20. mat-tha-luṅgaṁ (brain).
UKT: The above classification makes me wonder whether, the ancients ever had the idea that the brain is the center of intelligence. Is it possible that they consider the "grey matter" inside the skull to be something similar to the contents of the stomach? To them the heart is the most important of all organs!

Contents | Top
End of TIL file