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TIL

Practical Sanskrit Dictionary for Buddhists and Hindus

p036-2.htm

A Practical Sanskrikt Dictionary, by A. A. Macdonell, 1893,
http://www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de/scans/MDScan/index.php?sfx=jpg; 1929.
- Nataraj ed., 1st in 2006, 2012.
- https://dsal.uchicago.edu/dictionaries/macdonell/ 190516
The Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Grammar and Dictionary, BHS, vol.2, by F. Edgerton, pp. 627.
- FEdgerton-BHSD<Ô> / Bkp<Ô> (link chk 180627)
The Student's Pali English dictionary , by U Pe Maung Tin, 1920.
- (ref: UPMT-PEDxxx).  Downloaded copies in TIL HD-PDF and SD-PDF libraries:
- UPMT-PaliDict1920<Ô> / bkp<Ô> (link chk 190113)
•  Pali-Myanmar Dictionary (in Pal-Myan), by U Hoke Sein,
- (ref: UHS-PMD). The dictionary in printed form is in TIL Research Library.
Latin-English Vocabulary II, by Hans H Ørberg, 1998
- HHOrberg-LinguaLatina<Ô> / Bkp<Ô> (link chk 190624)

Edited by U Kyaw Tun (UKT) (M.S., I.P.S.T., USA), Daw Khin Wutyi, Daw Thuzar Myint, Daw Zinthiri Han and staff of Tun Institute of Learning (TIL). Not for sale. No copyright. Free for everyone. Prepared for students and staff of TIL  Research Station, Yangon, MYANMAR 
 - http://www.tuninst.net , www.romabama.blogspot.com 

MC-indx.htm | Top
MCpp-indx.htm

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{a}
  p036-2c1
{a-ka.} / {aak}
  p036-2c2
{a-ka}
  p036-2c3
{a-ki.}
{a-ku.}

Orphan:
अस्र   as-rá tear; blood; -pa, m. Râkshasa.

 

UKT notes :
Devi Bhagavatam

 

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{a}

UKT 150430: The 3rd member of the series:
  {a:.} (1/2 blk); {a.} (1 blk); {a} (2 blk); {a:} (2 blk + emphasis)

p036-2c1

p036-2c1-b00/ p036

• आ [¹. &asharp; ]
- ad. near (vbl. px.: reverses the meaning of verbs of giving and going); besides, also; quite, entirely, just (emphatic); px. w. pt. & a. somewhat, a little; scarcely; -ish; px. form ing ad. & a. up to, till; prp. up to (after ac., before ab.); except (before ac.); from (ab.); at, on, in, near (after lc.): °--, from, up to.
      1. aN near (vbl. px.: reverses the meaning of verbs of giving and going);

 

p036-2c1-b01/ not online

• आ [². â]
- ij. esp. of sudden recollection, ah! ph!

 

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{a-ka.} / {aak}

p036-2c1-b02/ p036

• आकण्ठम्् [ â-kantham ]
- ad. up to the neck.
 आकण्ठम््   â-kantham up to the neck.

 

p036-2c1-b03/ p036

• आकपिल [ â-kapila ]
- a. brownish.
 आकपिल   â-kapila brownish. 

 

p036-2c1-b04/ p036

• आकम्प [ â-kamp-a ]
- m. trembling; -ana, m. N. of a Daitya; -ra, a. trembling.
आकम्प   â-kamp-a trembling;

 

p036-2c1-b05/ p036

• आकर [ â-kar-á ]
- m. scatterer, bestower; abundance, plenty; mine; origin: -ga, a. mineral; -in, a. arising from mines, mineral.
 आकर   â-kar-á scatterer, bestower; abundance, plenty; mine; origin:

 

p036-2c1-b06

• [â-karna]
- °- , or -m , ad. up to the ear; -na , n. hearing, listening

 

p036-2c1-b07/ p036 

• आकर्णय [ â-karnaya ]
- den. P. listen, hear: pp. ita, heard, overheard. sam, id.
 आकर्णय   â-karnaya P. listen, hear:

 

p036-2c1-b08/ p036

• आकर्ष [ â-karsh-a ]
- m. attraction; -ana, a. (î) attracting; n. pulling; attraction; -ikâ, f. N. of a city; -in, a. dragging along.
 आकर्ष   â-karsh-a attraction; -ana, a. (î) attracting; n. pulling; attraction;

 

p036-2c1-b09/ p036

• आकलन [ â-kalana ]
- n. tying up, fastening.
 आकलन   â-kalana tying up, fastening. 

 

p036-2c1-b10/ p036

• आकल्प [ â-kalpa ]
- m. ornament, finery.
 आकल्प   â-kalpa ornament, finery.

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p036-2c2

p036-2c2-b00/ p036

• आकल्पम्् [ â-kalpa-m ]
- ad. to the end of the world.
आकल्पम््   â-kalpa-m to the end of the world.

 

p036-2c2-b01/ p036

• आकल्पसार [ âkalpa-sâra ]
- a. fond of dress.
 आकल्पसार   âkalpa-sâra fond of dress. 

 

p036-2c2-b02/ p036

• आकल्पस्थायिन्् [ â-kalpa-sthâyin ]
- a. lasting to the end of the world; -‿antam, ad. to the end of the world.
आकल्पस्थायिन््   â-kalpa-sthâyin lasting to the end of the world;

 

p036-2c2-b03/ p036

• आकल्य [ âkalya ]
- n. illness; love-sickness.
 आकल्य   âkalya illness; love-sickness. 

 

p036-2c2-b04/ p036

• आकस्मिक [ âkasmika ]
- a. (î) unforeseen, sudden, accidental.
 आकस्मिक   âkasmika (î) unforeseen, sudden, accidental.

 

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{a-ka}

p036-2c2-b05/ p036

• आकाङ्क्षा [ â-kâṅksh-â ]
- f. desire, wish; necessity of complementing the sense; -in, a. wishing, expecting.
आकाङ्क्षा   â-kâṅksh-â desire, wish; necessity of complementing the sense;

 

p036-2c2-b06/ p036

• आकार [ ¹. â-kâra ]
- m. make, shape, figure, appearance; expression, outward sign of emotion.
 आकार   1. â-kâra make, shape, figure, appearance; 
 

p036-2c2-b07/ p036

• आकार [ ². â-kâra ]
- m. the letter â.
आकार   2. â-kâra the letter â.

 

p036-2c2-b08/ p036

• आकारण [ â-kârana ]
- n. calling up; î-ya, fp. to be called up.
 आकारण   â-kârana calling up; î-ya, fp. to be called up.

 

p036-2c2-b09/ p036

• आकारवत्् [ âkâra-vat ]
- a. embodied; shapely.
आकारवत््   âkâra-vat embodied; shapely.

 

p036-2c2-b10/ p036

• आकारित [ â-kâr-ita ]
- pp. having the form of (--°).
 आकारित   â-kâr-ita having the form of (--°).

 

p036-2c2-b11/ p036

• आकाल [ â-kâl-á ]
- m.: lc. at the exact time of (g.); -ika, a. (â or î) lasting till the same time on the following day; (î) not arriving at the right or usual time.
आकाल   â-kâl-á at the exact time of (g.);

 

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p036-2c3

p036-2c3-b00/ p036

• आकालिकातीरम्् [ â-kâlikâ-tîram ]
- ad. up to the bank of the Kâlikâ.
 आकालिकातीरम््   â-kâlikâ-tîram up to the bank of the Kâlikâ. 

UKT: Who or what is Kalika?
One Internet source: http://www.aryabharati.org/... mentions 'Devi Kâlikâ '
See my note on Devi Bhagavatam 

 

p036-2c3-b01/ p036

• आकाश [ â-kâs-á ]
- m. n. clear space, sky; ether as the subtlest element: lc. behind the scenes (of what is said to or by some one off the stage): -ga, a. moving in the air; m. bird; -gaṅgâ, f. the aerial Ganges; -gata, pp. coming from the air (voice); -kârin, a. moving in the air; m. bird; -desa, m. region of the air; -patha, m. path in the air; -pathika, m. wanderer in the sky, ep. of the sun; -bhâshita, n. fictitious conversation of a person on the stage with an absent one; -yâna, n. passage through the air; -vartman, n. path in the air; -sayana, n. sleeping in the open air; -samkârin, m. bird; -‿îsa, a. ruling the air only (= quite helpless).
 आकाश   â-kâs-á clear space, sky; ether as the subtlest element:

 

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{a-ki.}

p036-2c3-b02/ p036

• आकिंचन्य [ âkimkan-ya ]
- n. destitution, poverty.
आकिंचन्य   âkimkan-ya destitution, poverty.

 

p036-2c3-b03/ p036

• आकीम्् [ &asharp;kîm ]
- prp. from (ab.).
आकीम््   aNkîm from (ab.).

 

p036-2c3-b04/ p036

• आकीर्ण [ â-kîrna ]
- pp. (√krî) scattered; covered, full: lc. in a frequented place.
 आकीर्ण   â-kîrna (√krî) scattered; covered, full:

 

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{a-ku.}

p036-2c3-b05/ p036

• आकुञ्चन [ â-kuñkana ]
- n. bending, contraction.
आकुञ्चन   â-kuñkana bending, contraction. 

 

p036-2c3-b06/ p036

• आकुटिल [ â-kutila ]
- a. somewhat bent, some what curly.
आकुटिल   â-kutila somewhat bent, somewhat curly.

 

p036-2c3-b07/ p036

• आकुमार [ â-kumâra ]
- ad. from boyhood upwards (°--).
 आकुमार   â-kumâra from boyhood upwards (°--).

 

p036-2c3-b08/ p036

 • आकुल [ â-kula ]
Skt: आकुल [ â-kula ] - a. confused, perplexed; filled or overwhelmed (with, --°); -grâma-kaitya, a. the sacred trees of whose villages are alive with (in.); -tâ, f., -tva, n. confusion; abundance.
आकुल   â-kula confused, perplexed;

© • आकुल [ â-kula ]
Skt: आकुल [ â-kula ] - a. confused, perplexed; filled or overwhelmed (with, --°) -- Mac036c3
BPal: {a-ku.la.} - UHS PMD0156
  UKT from UHS: mfn. mixed up, turbid

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UKT notes

Devi Bhagavatam

-- UKT 140810, 161020

The Mother-goddess of the indigenous peoples of ancient India and Myanmarpré has been called the Dévi even though she is not a female déva. I prefer the original usage "Mother" {mè-tau}. She could very well be a Ma'nes, representing the departed ancestors who are believed to be guarding their offspring from whatever "world" they are in. Or, a "Mother" {mè-tau}, could be personification of a physical object such a native country, or non-physical such as "a body of knowledge" such {pa.Ña} pronounced as {píñ~ña}.

From Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devi-Bhagavata_Purana 140810

Devi Bhagavata Purana देवी भागवतपुराण «devī bhāgavatapurāṇa», "the old book of the Goddess"), also known as the Shrimad Devi Bhagvatam, the Devi Bhagavatam, is one of the most important works in Shaktism, a branch of Hinduism focusing on the veneration of the divine feminine, along with the Devi Mahatmya. [1] Although the Devi-Bhagavata Purana is considered as a Upapurana (secondary Purana) by many, the text claims itself a Maha Purana ("Great Purana").[2]

The Devi-Bhagavata Purana is one of the Puranic works that are not necessarily authoritative for all Hindus, but that have special importance for the Shakta sect within Hinduism. The text describes the Devi (Eng: Divine) the Goddess, as the foundation of the world and as identical with Brahman, the Supreme Being. As the divine mother, she reveals her virat rupa (universal form) (Book 7, Chapter 33) and describes the proper ways for worshipping her: especially the practice of Yoga, Meditation (Book 7, Chapter 35), and Ritual (Book 7, Chapter 39). The Devi-Bhagavata Purana also deals with topics like spiritual knowledge, social and personal ethics, and holy places

UKT: More in the Wikipedia article.

From: http://www.astrojyoti.com/devibhagavatam24.htm 110810

UKT 110810: my curiosity is aroused by the phrase "the bank of the Kâlikâ". Surfing the Internet brought me to Vedic Scriptures Library >> 18 Upa-Puranas >> Devi Purana >> Book 5 which relates the story of "Devi Bhagavatam" Ch26 '

"On the killing of Chanda and Munda"

UKT 140809: I have edited the following English text taking out the English "plural s", changing "Deva to Déva", "Gods to Déva-God". "Her" & "Lady" - inferring gender have been left as they are because the subject Dévi is clearly a female. Since I hope to get to the Skt-Dev text, this English  editing is just a prelude.

"1-17. Vyâsa said : – O King! Thus ordered, the two strong warriors Chanda and Munda hurriedly went to the battle, accompanied by a vast army. There they saw the Dévî, intent on doing good to the Déva-Gods. Then they began to address Her in conciliatory words. [UKT ¶]

UKT 140809, 161021: Who is this Dévi? Based on what I have studied so far, She is certainly not a female déva. She is the Mother-goddess of the indigenous peoples. There is a fight between the Déva and the Asura (the gods of the new-comers into India): on whose side will the Mother-goddess of the peoples be? This is just a conjecture. I will have to study more. And maybe, I will have to recant what I have just said.

O Lady! Dost Thou not know that the extraordinarily strong S’umbha and Nis’umhha, the Lords of the Daitya have crushed down the Déva and vanquished Indra and have become intoxicated with their victory? O Fair One! Thou art alone! Only Kâlikâ and Thy Lion are with Thee! It is Thy foolishness that Thou art desirous to conquer S’umbha, who is endowed with all power. I think there is no adviser to Thee, man nor woman; the Déva have sent Thee here simply for Thy destruction. Think, O Delicate One! over the powers of Thine as well as those of Thy enemy. Vainly dost Thou boast of Thy having eighteen hands. Before the great warrior S’umbha, the conqueror of the Déva, many hands and many weapons will be useless; they will prove mere burdens. So dost Thou fulfil what reigns in the heart of S’umbha, the destroyer of the legs and the uprooter of the teeth of Airâvata elephant. Vain is Thy boast, O Beloved! Follow my sweet words; they will do good to Thee, O Large-eyed One! They will destroy Thy pains and give Thee bliss. Those actions that lead to pain are to be avoided by the wise; and those that bring in happiness are to be served by the Pundits, versed in the S’âstras. O Sweet speaking one! Thou art clever. Look at the great strength of S’umbha with Thy eyes. He has enhanced his glory by crushing down the Déva. And if Thou thinkest the déva-god superior, that is false, for the wise men do not rely on the mere guess, full of doubts; they believe what they actually see. S’umbha, hard to be conquered in battles, is the great enemy of the Déva-Gods; they have been crushed down by him, and have therefore sent Thee here. O Sweet smiling One! Thou hast been deceived by their sweet words; they, prompted by their selfish ends, have sent Thee here simply to give Thee trouble. The friends that come with certain business and selfish ends are to be rejected. Friends out of religious motives are only to be sought for refuge. Verily I tell Thee that the déva-gods are terribly selfish. Therefore dost Thou serve S’umbha, the conqueror of Indra and the lord of the three worlds; he is a hero, beautiful, lovely, cunning and thoroughly expert in the science of amorous love. Thou wilt get the prosperity of all the worlds by the mere command of S’umbha; therefore make a firm resolve and serve that splendid husband S’umbha."

UKT 110810: The story told by Vyâsa is about the battle between the Déva and Asura in which the Déva led by their king Indra were utterly defeated. In the above text you will see "Only Kâlikâ and Thy Lion are with Thee!" The above text does not explain "the bank of the Kâlikâ" - yet it alludes to the difference between the "fierce" Hindu Indra and the "gentle" Buddhist Sakka.

 

From: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaktism 161020

Shaktism शाक्तं «śāktaṃ» "doctrine of energy, power, the Goddess", is a major tradition of Hinduism, wherein the metaphysical reality is considered feminine and the Devi (goddess) is supreme. [1] [2] [3] It includes a variety of goddesses, all considered aspects of the same supreme goddess. [1] [4] Shaktism has different sub-traditions, ranging from those focussed on gracious Lakshmi to fierce Kali, and some Shakti sub-traditions associate their goddess with Shiva or Vishnu. [5] [6]

The Sruti and Smriti texts of Hinduism are an important historical framework of the Shaktism tradition. In addition, it reveres the texts Devi Mahatmya, the Devi-Bhagavata Purana, and Shakta Upanishads such as the Devi Upanishad. [7] The Devi Mahatmya in particular, is considered in Shaktism to be as important as the Bhagavad Gita. [8]

Shaktism is known for its various sub-traditions of Tantra, [9] as well as a galaxy of goddesses with respective systems. It consists of the Vidyapitha and Kulamārga. The pantheon of goddesses in Shaktism grew after the decline of Buddhism in India, wherein Hindu and Buddhist [Mahayana] goddesses were combined to form the Mahavidya, a list of ten goddesses. [10] [UKT ¶]

UKT 181019: The decline of Buddhism in India was due to the suppression by Shaivite Ponnars , and Shaivite kings such as Shashanka in Bengal (reign: 7th century AD, or between 590 AD - 625 AD).
See Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shashanka (181019)
"A 12th century text states that Shashanka destroyed the Buddhist stupas of Bengal and was an oppressor of Buddhism.[5] Shashanka is reputed to have cut the Bodhi tree where the Buddha found enlightenment, in the Mahabodhi Temple of Bodh Gaya. [6]

The most common aspects of Devi found in Shaktism include Durga, Kali, Amba, Lakshmi, Parvati and Tripurasundari. [4] The goddess-focussed tradition is particularly popular in West Bengal, Assam, Tripura, Nepal and the neighboring regions, which it celebrates through festivals such as the Durga puja. [5] Shaktism's ideas have influenced Vaishnavism and Shaivism traditions, with the goddess considered the Shakti of Vishnu and Shiva respectively, and revered prominently in numerous Hindu temples and festivals. [2] 

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