p139.htm
• A Practical Sanskrikt Dictionary,
by A. A. Macdonell, 1893,
http://www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de/scans/MDScan/index.php?sfx=jpg;
1929.
-
Nataraj ed., 1st in 2006, 2012.
-
https://dsal.uchicago.edu/dictionaries/macdonell/ 190516
• The Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Grammar and
Dictionary, BHS, vol.2, by F. Edgerton,
pp. 627.
-
FEdgerton-BHSD<Ô> /
Bkp<Ô> (link chk 180627)
• The Student's Pali English dictionary ,
by U Pe Maung Tin, 1920.
- (ref: UPMT-PEDxxx).
Downloaded copies in TIL
HD-PDF and SD-PDF libraries:
-
UPMT-PaliDict1920<Ô> /
bkp<Ô> (link chk 190113)
• Pali-Myanmar Dictionary
(in Pal-Myan), by U Hoke Sein,
- (ref: UHS-PMD). The dictionary in printed form is in TIL Research Library.
• Latin-English Vocabulary II, by Hans H Ørberg, 1998
-
HHOrberg-LinguaLatina<Ô> /
Bkp<Ô> (link
chk 190624)
Edited by U Kyaw Tun (UKT) (M.S., I.P.S.T., USA),
Daw Khin Wutyi, Daw Thuzar Myint, Daw Zinthiri Han
and staff of Tun Institute of Learning (TIL).
Not for sale. No copyright. Free for everyone.
Prepared for students and staff of TIL
Research Station, Yangon, MYANMAR
-
http://www.tuninst.net ,
www.romabama.blogspot.com
MC-indx.htm |
Top
MCpp-indx.htm
{na-Da.}
p139-c1
{na-na.}
{na-pa.}
{na-Ba.} : notice
{na-ba.} is skipped
{na-ma.}
p139-c2
{na-ya.}
{na-ra.}
p139-c3
{na-la.}
{na-wa.}
{na-sha.}
{na-Sa.}
{na-þa.}
UKT notes :
• Hindu ceremonies :
{mïn~ga.la}
occasions
• Nouns in BEPS - UKT 120519
This is introduction to Nouns in Burmese (an uninflected language), in English
(some inflection), in Pali (highly inflected), and in Sanskrit (probably not as
inflected as Pali)
• Shramana
{na-Da.}
Unlike
{na-hta.}, the sound of
p139c1-b00/ not online
• [NÂDH] I.Â. (V.)
-- only pr. pt. nấdhamâna , suppliant,
and pp. nâdhitá , distressed.
p139c1-b01/ p088
• नाधीत
nadhita [ na‿adhîta ]
-- pp. unlearned, ignorant.
नाधीत na̮adhîta
unlearned, ignorant.
p139c1-b02/ not online
• [nânada]
-- n. N. of a Sáman
See my note on Shramana
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shramana 120517
{na-na.}
p139c1-b03/ p088
• नाना nana [ nấnâ ]
{na-na}
-- ad. variously, in different places, separately;
often, esp. °--, used like an adjective, different, various, manifold;
-‿âkâra, a. various, sundry; -gati, m. wind;
-tva, n. difference; manifoldness; -digdesa,
m.: ab. sg. from various quarters, from all parts of the world;
-devatya, a. addressed to various gods; -desa,
m. sg. various regions; -desîya, -desya, a. pl.
belonging to various lands; -dhâtu-sata, n. pl.
hundreds of various minerals; -dhâtu-samâkîrna,
pp. filled with various minerals;
-pakshi-gana‿âkîrna, pp.
filled with flocks of various birds; -pakshi nishevita, pp.
frequented by various birds; -mantra‿ogha-siddhi-mat,
a. possessed of a number of efficacious spells;
-mriga-gana, m. pl. flocks of various
animals; -rasa, a. having various sentiments (drama);
-rûpa, a. heterogeneous; -‿argha-mahâratna-maya,
a. consisting of various priceless precious stones;
-‿artha, a. having different meanings; containing
something different; N. word with several meanings; new sentence;
-varna‿â kriti, a. of various
colours and shapes; -vi dha, a. various, manifold; -strî,
f. pl. women of different castes.
नाना naNnâ
variously, in different places, separately; often, esp. °--,
used like an adjective, different, various, manifold;
-̮âkâra, a. various, sundrv; -gati, m. wind; -tva, n.
difference; manifoldness; -digdesa, m.: ab. sg. from various
quarters, from all parts of the world; -devatya, a.
addressed to various gods; -desa, m. sg. various regions;
-desîya, -desya, a. pl. belonging to various lands;
-dhâtu-sata, n. pl. hundreds of various minerals;
-dhâtu-samâkîrna, pp. filled with various minerals;
-pakshi-gana̮âkîrna, pp. filled with flocks of various
birds; -pakshinishevita, pp. frequented by various birds;
-mantra̮ogha-siddhi-mat, a. possessed of a number of
efficacious spells; -mriga-gana, m. pl. flocks of various
animals; -rasa, a. having various sentiments (drama); -rûpa,
a. heterogeneous; -̮argha-mahâratna-maya, a. consisting of
various priceless precious stones; -̮artha, a. having
different meanings; containing something different; N. word
with several meanings; new sentence; -varna̮âkriti, a. of
various colours and shapes; -vidha, a. various, manifold;
-strî, f. pl. women of different castes.
p139c1-b04/ p088
• नान्दी
nandi [ nând&isharp; ]
-- f. joy; prayer at the opening of a play.
नान्दी nândî
joy; prayer at the opening of a play.
p139c1-b05/ p088
• नान्दीनाद
nandinada [ nândî-nâda ] m. cry of joy; -mukha,
m. pl. N. of a class of Manes.
नान्दीनाद
nândî-nâda cry of joy; -mukha, m. pl. N. of a class of
Manes.
p139c1-b06/ not online
• [nânduka]
-- m. N.
{na-pa.}
p139c1-b07/ p088
• नापित napita [ nâpitá ]
-- m. barber; î, f. barber's wife.
नापित nâpitá
barber; î, f. barber's wife.
{na-Ba.}
p139c1-b08/ p088
• नाभ् nabh [ nấbh ]
-- f. aperture, spring.
नाभ् naNbh
aperture, spring.
p139c1-b09/ not online
• [nâb-a]
-- --° a. navel; nave of a wheel; centre
p139c1-b10/ p088
• नाभस nabhasa [ nâbhas-a ]
-- a. (î) appearing in the sky; coming from the sky (voice).
नाभस nâbhas-a
(î) appearing in the sky; coming from the sky (voice).
p139c1-b11/ p088
• नाभाक nabhaka [ nâbhâká ]
-- a. derived from nabhâka; m. pat. of Nabhâka (a Rishi).
नाभाक nâbhâká
derived from nabhâka; m. pat. of Nabhâka (a Rishi).
p139c1-b12/ p088
• नाभि nabhi [ nấbhi ]
-- f., (C.) m. navel, navel-cord (also î); nave of a wheel
(also î); hub, centre; home; relationship; relative;
m. musk animal; chief (esp. among kings); -krintana,
n. cutting the navel-cord; -gandha, m. scent of musk;
-tva, n. condition of a navel.
नाभि naNbhi
navel, navel-cord (also î); nave of a wheel (also î); hub,
centre; home; relationship; relative; m. musk animal; chief
(esp. among kings); -krintana, n. cutting the navel-cord;
-gandha, m. scent of musk; -tva, n. condition of a navel.
p139c1-b13/ p088
• नाभिजात
nabhijata [ nâbhi-gâta ]
--pp. 1. produced from a navel; 2. (na‿abhi-), not nobly born.
नाभिजात nâbhi-gâta
1. produced from a navel; 2. (na̮abhi-), not nobly born.
p139c1-b14/ p088
• नाभिधावत्
nabhidhavat [ na‿abhi-dhâv-at ]
-- pr. pt. not coming to the rescue.
नाभिधावत्
na̮abhi-dhâv-at not coming to the rescue.
p139c1-b15/ p088
• नाभिनाल
nabhinala [ nâbhi-nâla ]
-- n., â, f. navel-cord (--° a.);
-mûla, n. region just below the navel.
नाभिनाल
nâbhi-nâla navel-cord (--° a.); -mûla, n. region just below
the navel.
p139c1-b16/ p088
• नाभिलक्षित
nabhilaksita [ na‿abhilakshita ]
-- pp. unobserved.
नाभिलक्षित
na̮abhilakshita unobserved.
p139c1-b17/ p088
• नाभिवर्धन
nabhivardhana [ nâbhi-vardhana ]
-- n. cutting of the navel-cord.
नाभिवर्धन
nâbhi-vardhana cutting of the navel-cord.
p139c1-b18/ p088
• नाभी nabhi [ nâbhî ]
-- f. navel, navel-cord; nave of a wheel.
नाभी nâbhî
navel, navel-cord; nave of a wheel.
{na-ma.}
p139c1-b11/ p088
• नामक namaka [ nâma-ka ]
-- a. (ikâ) 1. bearing the name of, named (--°);
2. (√nam) bending (--°).
नामक nâma-ka
(ikâ) 1. bearing the name of, named (--°); 2. (√nam) bending
(--°).
p139c1-b12/ p088
• नामकरण
namakarana [ nâma-karana ]
-- n. ceremony of giving a name; -karman, n. id.;
-kîrtana, n. mentioning the name of (g.);
-gotra, n. du. personal and family name;
-graha, m., -grahana, n. mention of a name;
-grâhá, m. id.: (-grấha)-m, abs. mentioning the name;
-gâti-graha, m.: -na,
n. mention of the name and rank (of the caste).
नामकरण nâma-karana
ceremony of giving a name; -karman, n. id.; -kîrtana, n.
mentioning the name of (g.); -gotra, n. du. personal and
family name; -graha, m., -grahana, n. mention of a name;
-grâhá, m. id.: (-graNha)-m, abs. mentioning the name;
-gâti-graha, m.: -na, n. mention of the name and rank (of
the caste).
p139c1-b13/ p088
• नामतस्
namatas [ nâma-tas ]
-- ad. by name: -kri, give
( end p139c1 ) (p139c2-top
)
the name of (ac.) to (ac.); -prakh, ask the name of (ac.);
in nâma nâmatas one of the two words is redundant.
नामतस् nâma-tas
by name: -- kri, give the name of (ac.) to (ac.); -- prakh,
ask the name of (ac.); in nâma nâmatas one of the two words
is redundant.
p139c2-b01/ p088
• नामधारक
namadharaka [ nâma-dhâraka ]
-- a. merely bearing the name, being (nm.) only in name;
-dhârin, a. bearing the name of, named (--°);
-dhéya, n. name-giving, appellation, name; ceremony of naming:
-tas, ad. nominally.
नामधारक
nâma-dhâraka merely bearing the name, being (nm.) only in
name; -dhârin, a. bearing the name of, named (--°); -dhéya,
n. name-giving, appellation, name; ceremony of naming: -tas,
ad. nominally.
Most Bur-Myan would know the "Twelve Mingalas " '12 Auspicious Ceremonies' which are in reality Hindu rites and have no place in Bur-Myan Theravada Buddhism.
See my note on Hindu ceremonies - samskara
p139c2-b02/ p088
• नामन् naman [ nấ-man ]
-- n. (f. --° a. -mnî or less commonly
-man) mark, token; form, manner; name, appellation;
mere name (opp. reality), trace; personal name
(opp. family name or gotra); nature; kind, race; good name, fame (only
--° a.); noun (gr.): nâma kri, Â. take a name;
-grah, mention the name; -bhri, bear a name;
-kri, -dâ, or -dhâ, give a name; nâmnâ
kri or vi-dhâ, name (2 ac.); nấma,
ad. by name (sts. nâmnâ or nâmatas is
redundantly added); indeed, certainly, of course; perhaps; with
inter. then, pray; with impv. ever so much, no matter if; api
nâma, with pot. at the beginning of a sentence, perhaps;
emphasizes a preceding word more strongly than api; mâ nâma, ±
pot. would that not, if only not; nanu nâma, surely.
नामन् naN-man
-mnî or less commonly -man) mark, token; form, manner; name,
appellation; mere name (opp. reality), trace; personal name
(opp. family name or gotra); nature; kind, race; good name,
fame (only --° a.); noun (gr.): nâma kri, Â. take a name; --
grah, mention the name; -- bhri, bear a name; -- kri, -- dâ,
or -- dhâ, give a name; nâmnâ kri or vi-dhâ, name (2 ac.);
naNma, ad. by name (sts. nâmnâ or nâmatas is redundantly
added); indeed, certainly, of course; perhaps; with inter.
then, pray; with impv. ever so much, no matter if; api nâma,
with pot. at the beginning of a sentence, perhaps;
emphasizes a preceding word more strongly than api; mâ nâma,
± pot. would that not, if only not; nanu nâma, surely.
p139c2-b03/ p088
• नाममात्र
namamatra [ nâma-mâtra ]
-- n. the mere name; a. being something (um.) merely in name;
-mâlâ, f. dictionary of nouns; T. of a dictionary; -mudrâ,
f. signet ring with a name; -yagña, m.
sacrifice only in name; -rûpá, n. du. name and form;
-liṅga, n. gender of nouns;
-vismriti, f. forgetting of the name;
-sesha, a. of whom the name only survives, dead.
नाममात्र
nâma-mâtra the mere name; a. being something (um.) merely in
name; -mâlâ, f. dictionary of nouns; T. of a dictionary;
-mudrâ, f. signet ring with a name; -yagña, m. sacrifice
only in name; -rûpá, n. du. name and form; -liṅga, n. gender
of nouns; -vismriti, f. forgetting of the name; -sesha, a.
of whom the name only survives, dead.
p139c2-b04/ p088
• नामाङ्क
namanka [ nâma‿aṅka ]
-- a. marked with a name; -aṅkita, pp. id.
नामाङ्क
nâma̮aṅka marked with a name; -aṅkita, pp. id.
p139c2-b05/ p088
• नामिक namika [ nâm-ika ]
-- a. (î) referring to a personal name; nominal (gr.).
नामिक nâm-ika
(î) referring to a personal name; nominal (gr.).
p139c2-b06/ p088
• नामिन्
namin [ nâm-in ]
-- a. having a name.
नामिन् nâm-in
having a name.
p139c2-b07/ p088
• नाम्य namya [ nâm-ya ]
= न ा म ् य
-- fp. flexible.
नाम्य nâm-ya
flexible.
{na-ya.}
p139c2-b08/ p088
• नाय naya [ nây-á ]
-- m. leader; prudence, policy.
नाय nây-á
leader; prudence, policy.
p139c2-b09/ p088
नायक nayaka [ nâya-ka ]
-- m. guide, leader, chief; hero, lover (in a play);
lord, husband; central pearl in a necklace; N.:
-tva, n. leadership.
नायक nâya-ka
guide, leader, chief; hero, lover (in a play); lord,
husband; central pearl in a necklace; N.: -tva, n.
leadership.
p139c2-b10/ p088
• नायकाय
nayakaya [ nâyakâ-ya ]
-- den. Â. represent the central gem in a pearl necklace.
नायकाय nâyakâ-ya
Â. represent the central gem in a pearl necklace.
p139c2-b11/ p088
• नायिका
nayika [ nây-ikâ ]
-- f. high-born lady; mistress; heroine.
नायिका nây-ikâ
high-born lady; mistress; heroine.
p139c2-b12/ p088
• नार nāra [ nârá ]
-- a. belonging to a man, human; m. man: pl. water.
नार nârá
belonging to a man, human; m. man: pl. water.
See my note on Nouns in BEPS
citing नार nāra as an example
p139c2-b13/ p088
• नारक naraka [ nấraka ]
-- a. (î) infernal, hellish; m. inhabitant of hell; á, m.
hell, infernal regions.
नारक naNraka (î)
infernal, hellish; m. inhabitant of hell; á, m. hell,
infernal regions.
p139c2-b14/ not online
• [nârak-in]
-- a., m. id.
p139c2-b15/ p088
• नारङ्ग
naranga [ nâraṅga ]
-- m., î, f. orange-tree.
नारङ्ग nâraṅga
orange-tree.
p139c2-b16/ not online
• [nấrada] (or á)
-- N., esp. of a Devarshi, who often comes down to earth
to report what is going on in heaven, and return to recount
what is happening on earth.
p139c2-b17/ p088
• नारदीय
naradiya [ nârad-îya ]
-- a. relating to Nârada; n. T. of various works.
नारदीय nârad-îya
relating to Nârada; n. T. of various works.
p139c2-b18/ p088
• नाराच
naraca [ nârâka ]
-- m. (kind of) arrow: -durdina, n. shower of arrows.
नाराच nârâka
arrow: -durdina, n. shower of arrows.
p139c2-b19/ p088
• नारायण
narayana [ nârâyaná ]
-- m. Son of the primal Man, pat. of the personified Purusha;
identified with Vishnu and Krishna; N.; a, a. relating
to Nârâyana: î, f. ep. of Durgâ.
नारायण nârâyaná
Son of the primal Man, pat. of the personified Purusha;
identified with Vishnu and Krishna; N.; a, a. relating to
Nârâyana: î, f. ep. of Durgâ.
p139c2-b20/ p088
• नारायणाय
narayanaya [ nârâyanâ-ya ]
-- den. Â. become or resemble the god Nârâyana.
नारायणाय nârâyanâ-ya
Â. become or resemble the god Nârâyana.
p139c2-b21/ p088
• नाराशंस
narasaṃsa [ nârâsamsa ]
-- a. (î) relating to the praise of men;
sacred to Agni Narâsamsa; m. N. of certain Soma cups
over which a prayer containing the word Narâsamsa is
( end p139c2 )
( p139c3-top
)
uttered: -paṅkti, a. performed with five
Nârâsamsa cups.
नाराशंस nârâsamsa
(î) relating to the praise of men; sacred to Agni Narâsamsa;
m. N. of certain Soma cups over which a prayer containing
the word Narâsamsa is uttered: -paṅkti, a. performed with
five Nârâsamsa cups.
p139c3-b01/ p088
• नारि
nari [ nấri ]
-- f. woman, wife.
नारि naNri
woman, wife.
p139c3-b02
• नारिकेर
narikera [ nârikera ]
-- m. cocoa-nut, -tree.
नारिकेर nârikera
cocoa-nut, -- tree.
p139c3-b03/ p088
• नारिकेल
narikela [ nârikela ]
-- m. id.: -kuhara, hollow of a --; N. of an island;
-dvîpa, m. id.
नारिकेल nârikela
-dvîpa, m. id.
p139c3-b04/ p088
• नारी nari [ nấrî ]
-- f. woman, wife: -maya, a. consisting of women only;
-yâna, n. carriage for women.
नारी naNrî
woman, wife: -maya, a. consisting of women only; -yâna, n.
carriage for women.
p139c3-b05/ p088
• नार्मद
narmada [ nârmada ]
-- a. belonging to the Narmadâ.
नार्मद nârmada
belonging to the Narmadâ.
{na-la.}
p139c3-b06/ p088
• नाल nala [ nâla ]
-- a. consisting of reeds; n. hollow stalk; lotus stalk;
tube, pipe; navel-cord: -ka, --° a. (lotus) stalk.
नाल nâla
consisting of reeds; n. hollow stalk; lotus stalk; tube,
pipe; navel-cord: -ka, --° a. (lotus) stalk.
p139c3-b07/ not online
• [nâl-ika]
-- period of 24 minutes (-° a.); â , f. id.; allusion, hint
p139c3-b08/ p088
• नालिकेर
nalikera [ nâlikera ]
-- m. cocoa-nut, -tree.
नालिकेर nâlikera
cocoa-nut, -- tree.
p139c3-b09/ not online
• [nâlikela]
-- m. id.
p139c3-b10/ p088
• नालीक
nalika [ nâlîka ]
-- m. kind of arrow; î, f. id.
नालीक nâlîka
arrow; î, f. id.
p139c3-b11/ not online
• [nâlî-gaṅgha]
-- m. N.
{na-wa.}
p139c3-b12/ not online
• [nâva] = nau,
-- ship (²-- or --°)
p139c3-b13/ p088
• नावनीत
navanita [ nâvanîta ]
-- a. (î) coming from butter; soft as butter.
नावनीत nâvanîta
(î) coming from butter; soft as butter.
p139c3-b14/ p088
• नाविक navika [ nâv-ika ]
-- m. boatman: -nâyaka, m. skipper; -pati, m. id.
नाविक nâv-ika
boatman: -nâyaka, m. skipper; -pati, m. id.
p139c3-b15/ p088
• नाव्य navya [ nâv-yã ]
= न ा व ् य
-- a. navigable; n., â, f. navigable river.
नाव्य nâv-yã
navigable; n., â, f. navigable river.
{na-sha.}
p139c3-b16/ p088
• नाश nasa [ nâs-a ]
-- m. loss, disappearance; destruction, ruin; death;
-aka, a. (ikâ) destroying (g. or --°);
-ana, a. (î) destroying, dispelling, removing (g. or --°);
n. destruction, ruin, removal; forgetting (g.):
-kara, a. (î) destructive of (--°);
-in, a. perishing; --°, destroy ing; -ya,
fp. to be banished; -destroyed.
नाश nâs-a
loss, disappearance; destruction, ruin; death; -aka, a.
(ikâ) destroying (g. or --°); -ana, a. (î) destroying,
dispelling, removing (g. or --°); n. destruction, ruin,
removal; forgetting (g.): -kara, a. (î) destructive of
(--°); -in, a. perishing; --°, destroying; -ya, fp. to be
banished; -- destroyed.
{na-Sa.}
p139c3-b17/ p088
• नाष्टिक
nastika [ nâsht-ika ]
-- m. [v. nashta] owner of lost property.
नाष्टिक nâsht-ika
nashta] owner of lost property.
p139c3-b18/ p088
• नाष्ट्रा
nastra [ nâsh-trâ ]
-- f. [√nas] danger, ruin; fiend.
नाष्ट्रा nâsh-trâ
[√nas] danger, ruin; fiend.
{na-þa.}
p139c3-b19/ p088
• नास् nas [ nấs ]
-- f. du. nostrils, nose.
नास् naNs
nostrils, nose.
p139c3-b20/ p088
• नासत्य
nasatya [ nấsatya ]
-- m. du. ep. of the Asvins; later sg. N. of one of the Asvins.
नासत्य naNsatya
Asvins; later sg. N. of one of the Asvins.
p139c3-b21/ p088
• नासदासीय
nasadasiya [ nâsad-âsîya ]
-- a. relating to RV. X, 129 (which begins nấsad âsît).
नासदासीय
nâsad-âsîya relating to RV. X, 129 (which begins naNsad
âsît).
p139c3-b22/ p088
• नासा nasa [ nấs-â ]
-- f. du. & sg. nostrils, nose.
नासा naNs-â
nostrils, nose.
p139c3-b23/ p088
• नासाग्र
nasagra [ nâsâ‿agra ]
-- n. tip of the nose; -‿anti ka, a. reaching to the nose.
नासाग्र
nâsâ̮agra tip of the nose; -̮antika, a. reaching to the
nose.
p139c3-b24/ p088
• नासापुट
nasaputa [ nâsâ-puta ]
-- m. nostril; -randhra, n. id.;
-vamsa, m. bridge of the nose;
-vi roka, n. nostril; -vivara, n. id.
नासापुट nâsâ-puta
nostril; -randhra, n. id.; -vamsa, m. bridge of the nose;
-viroka, n. nostril; -vivara, n. id.
p139c3-b25/ p088
• नासिका
nasika [ nấs-ikâ ]
-- f. sg.
nostril; C. nose: du. nostrils, nose: -‿agra,
n. tip of the nose.
नासिका naNs-ikâ
nostril; C. nose: du. nostrils, nose: -̮agra, n. tip of the
nose.
p139c3-b26/ p088
• नासिक्य
nasikya [ nâsik-ya ]
-- a. nasal.
नासिक्य nâsik-ya
nasal.
p139c3-b27/ p088
• नासिर nasira [ nâsira ]
-- n. van (of an army).
नासिर nâsira van
(of an army).
p139c3-b28/ not online
• [na‿asti-ka]
-- a. unbelieving; m. unbeliever, atheist (one who says 'there is not' a God):
-tâ f. atheism
p139c3-b29/ p088
• नास्तिक्य
nastikya [ nâstik-ya ]
-- n. unbelief; -karma- nâm,
disbelief in the effect of works.
नास्तिक्य
nâstik-ya unbelief; -- karma- nâm, disbelief in the effect
of works.
p139c3-b30/ p088
• नास्तिमूर्ति
nastimurti [ na‿asti-mûrti ]
-- f. bodiless; -vâda, m. atheism, unbelief.
नास्तिमूर्ति
na̮asti-mûrti bodiless; -vâda, m. atheism, unbelief.
p139c3-b31/ p088
• नास्य
nasya [ nâs-ya ]
-- n. nose-cord.
नास्य nâs-ya
nose-cord.
p139c3-b32/ p088
• नाहुष
nahusa [ 1. nấhusha ]
-- ¹ a. (î) akin; m. kinsman.
नाहुष 2. nâhusha
descendant of Nahusha, pat. of Yayâti.
p139c3-b33/ p088
• नाहुष
nahusa [ 2. nâhusha ]
-- ² m. descendant of Nahusha, pat. of Yayâti.
नाहुष 1.
naNhusha (î) akin; m. kinsman.
p139c3-b21/ p088
• नि ni [ ní ]
-- ad. down; in, into; backwards (except once,
in the AV., only combined with verbs or
( end p139c3 )
( p140c1-top )
compounded with nouns: in the latter case sometimes=nis).
नि ní down; in,
into; backwards (except once, in the AV., only combined with
verbs or compounded with nouns: in the latter case
sometimes=nis).
UKT: p139c3-b21 moved to next file.
Below is the original navigation of Mac-Chicago, and will not work unless you are online.
If you are just a user, use Windows navigation.<Previous Page [138] <Page 139> Next Page [140]>
See this page in simple ASCII
Back to the Search Page | Back to the DDSA PageThe entries were given not only in HTML (which is very misleading) but also in simple ASCII which can be easily related to IAST . I am removing the so-called HTML which were in [...] and substituting simple ASCII.
-- UKT: 120518
Most Bur-Myan know what are the
{mïn~ga.la}
occasions, such as those of naming, initiation into novice-hood, marriage, and
their opposite -- death. And most would have listened to the song
{mïn~ga.la}
{hsèý.nhic-pa:} without
realizing that they are Hindu religious 'Auspicious Ceremonies' and have no
place in Theravada Bur-Myan Buddhism. Yet many Theravadims in Myanmar try to
follow some, at least one - in marriage ceremony. They would have a learned
person to stand in the place of a Hindu-Pundit and readout what he has written
as an 'advice and laudation'. There would passages in Pali making the hearers
think the rite of marriage to be a Buddhist ceremony. It is noteworthy to
remember that Theravada is a renunciation of life as a layperson and has nothing
to do with marriage and procreation.
Excerpt from Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sa%E1%B9%83sk%C4%81ra#The_16_Samskaras 120518
The Samskaras (Skt: संस्कार, Saṃskāra; Hindi:Sanskar), are rites of passage finding varied acceptance among religious adherents of Hinduism (Vedic), Jainism and some schools of thought in Buddhism. The term samskara means accomplishment, embellishment, or consecration.
Sanskar is a commonly used variant of the Sanskrit word samskara and signifies cultural heritage and upbringing in modern Hindi. Apart from the practices, samskāra is used to denote the upbringing criteria of a Hindu. For example, it is said that a boy with good samskāra does right and it is supposed that he will not fall in sin, i.e. lust, anger and wine.
Since ancient times there has remained a dispute between experts on the total number of samskara that exist. As written in Gautamsmriti 8.8 there are 40 of them, Maharshi Agnirane directed of 25 of them, but according to the Puranas, 12 or 16 of them are main and necessary. These ceremonies are enjoined on the first three (twice-born) castes in Manusmrti and Grhya Sutras (Grihya Sutras) (esp. Pāraskar). Some list 42 samskaras, i.e. the 16 listed above plus the 21 compulsory Yajnas, plus the 5 panchamahayajnas .
Vidyārambha, Vedārambha and Antyeṣti are not enumerated as separate samskāras in ancient texts like Manusmriti or Grihya Sutra (Pāraskar). To this list may be added Karṇavedham too, which reduces the list of most essential sanskāras to 12 only.
UKT: More in the Wikipedia article.
From Hindu Website: http://www.hinduwebsite.com/hinduism/concepts/samskara.asp 120517
with my insertions from the Wikipedia article above.
01. Garbhadana - before birth [ garbhādhāna 'gifting the womb -- Wiki ]
The rite of conception, a prenatal ceremony, performed at the time
of conception.
02. Pumsavana - before birth [ puṃsavana 'engendering a male issue -- Wiki ]
Ceremony performed seeking a male child or to increase the chances
of the birth of a male child.
03. Simantam or Simatonnayana - before birth [ sīmantonnayana 'parting the hair'
-- Wiki ]
The parting of hair ceremony seeking safe delivery. This is usually
performed at the time of conception.
04. Jartakarman - at birth [ jātakarman 'natal rites' -- Wiki ]
At the time of birth and before severing the cord.
05. Namakaranam - childhood [ āmakaraṇa 'naming' -- Wiki ]
Naming ceremony performed usually on the 10th or 12th day after
birth.
06. Niskramana - childhood [ niṣkrāmaṇa 'first outing' -- Wiki ]
Performed on the first outing of the baby and usually involves the
first viewing of the Sun.
07. Annaprasana - childhood [ annaprāśana 'feeding food' -- Wiki ]
Performed on the occasion of the first feeding of the child with
solid food such as rice, ghee and lentils. Nowadays this ceremony is performed
for both boys and girls.
08.
Chudakarana - childhood [ cūḍākaraṇa 'arrangement of the hair tuft' -- Wiki ],
The tonsure ceremony performed usually in the first or third year
of the child's birth.
09. Karnavedha - childhood [ karṇavedha 'ear-piercing' -- Wiki ]
The ear piercing ceremony performed during the third or fifth year.
Nowadays this ceremony is performed mostly for girls as boys are reluctant to
get their ears pierced for fear of ridicule or looking feminine or orthodox.
10. Vidyarambha - student [ vidyāraṃbha aka akshararambha
'commencement of studies' -- Wiki ]
Performed on the occasion of a child's initiation into education.
Nowadays this is performed on the first day a child goes to school and starts
practicing the alphabet beginning with the letter AUM.
11. Upanayana - student [ upanayana 'wearing the sacred thread called
yajñopaveetam' -- Wiki ]
The ceremony involving the wearing of the sacred thread, which is
confined to the upper three castes only and performed between the ages of 8 and
24.
12. Vedarambha - student [ aka praishartha 'learning of Vedas and
Upanishads in‘Gurukulam’ or ‘Pāṭhaśāla’ -- Wiki ]
The ceremony marking the beginning of the study of the Vedas. Nowadays not all
children show interest in the study of the Vedas. The priestly profession is not
very fetching. So this ceremony is performed in select cases only.
13. Kesantha - student, adolescence [ keśānta 'getting rid of hairs' for boys,
and ritusuddhi 'menstruation' for girls. -- Wiki ]
The ceremony marking the first shaving of the beard or the approach of manhood.
In case of girls, in some regions, there is a corresponding ceremony to mark the
beginning of menstruation or change in dress from a gown to a sari.
14. Samvartana - student [ samāvartana 'graduation' -- Wiki ]
Performed when a student completes his education and returns home from school.
In olden days the schools existed in remote places. Once a student left home for
education, he would return only after several years of study in the house of his
teacher. So his return was a matter of joy and celebration for the family
because the child not only survived the tough conditions of life in gurukulas
but also acquired knowledge of the scriptures. Nowadays the schools are located
mostly in the same village or town where the child lives and the child is hardly
separated from his or her parents during studies. So the ceremony is truly
ceremonial.
15. Vivaha - householder [ vivāha 'marriage' -- Wiki ]
Marriage ceremony. Child marriages were the order of the day in ancient times.
Nowadays they are legally banned and also out of favor. Marriage usually marks
the beginning of life as a householder.
16. Antyeshti - death [ antyeṣṭi 'last rites' -- Wiki ],
Funeral rites performed after death and up to 15 days. Usually involves
cremation rites, making offerings to gods and ancestors seeking the soul's
comfortable journey to the worlds of light, scattering of the ashes in select
places, and serving of food to the relatives and among the poor.
UKT: More in the Wikipedia article.
Go back Hindu-ceremonies-note-b
- UKT (because of my limited knowledge of Sanskrit and Pali, I will have to write it piecemeal as I come across suitable examples) -- 120519
A Bur-Myan child, usually just above 6 years in age, starting to learn English
{ïn~ga.laip sa} (as a written language) becomes confused on word endings or
inflexion. For instance we have no singular-plural, no tense, and no gender.
However, those who have studied Pali as novice in a Buddhist monastery, usually
about 12, is quite familiar with gender, and find no difficulty with English.
This is because, Burmese has no inflexions whereas Pali is highly so. English
falls in between. And Sanskrit is probably less inflected than Pali. When
I as a child complained to my father U Tun Pe, about English grammar, he said it
was because I have not studied Burmese grammar which is based on Pali grammar.
We usually forget that grammar is about sounds in a spoken language. Indic languages and Burmese are standardized because our grammars are prescriptive based on phonemics, specifying how each consonant is pronounced giving its POA (Place of Articulation), and its manner. This is what may be called the scientific language. Now a quote about the Burmese language. A. W. Lonsdale, Education Department, Burma, wrote in 1899 on Burmese Grammar and Grammatical Analysis . In the Preface:
• "The Burmese language is constructed on scientific principles, and there is no reason why its grammar should not be dealt with also from a scientific standpoint. But it may be safely said that Burmese grammar as a science has not received that attention it deserves.
• "With regard to the grammatical treatises by native writers, it is no exaggeration to say that there is not one which can be properly called a Burmese grammar. These writers, not content with merely borrowing the grammatical nomenclature of the Pali language, also attempted to assimilate the grammatical principles of the uninflected Burmese to those of the inflected Pali; so that they produced, not Burmese grammars, but modified Pali grammars in Burmese dress. The servile veneration in which they held Pali, the language they had adopted as the classic, is, no doubt, directly responsible for the composition of such works. In their endeavour to conform strictly to Pali methods, they often introduced unnecessary terms and misapplied them, ignoring those grammatical points in Burmese for which they could find no parallel in Pali. How futile their attempts were may be judged by the numerous difficulties and anomalies they created, from some of which even now teachers of the language have not quite extricated themselves - take, for instance, the case-inflexions."
I am sure my father had not studied Pali, but he had been taught Burmese grammar in high school and that alone was sufficient to make him write grammatical correct English.
Now lets start with the word endings in Sanskrit:
Front-vowel change from open /a/ to close /i/.
• देव deva -- god
¤ देवी devi -- f. of deva• नार nāra -- m. man
¤ नारि nāri -- f. woman, wife
Go back nouns-note-b
-- UKT120517
Most of us have heard of the word pair
{þa-ma.Na.}-
{Brah~ma.Na.} in
Pal-Myan. But what are
{þa-ma.Na.} and its derivative, {þa-ma.Né}? The other
religions - Hinduism and Jainism have their own counterparts of
{þa-ma.Na.}. See
People of the Pali Canon in the inset box from Wikipedia.
From Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shramana 120517
The Shramana (also spelled Sramana) movement was a non-Vedic movement parallel to Vedic Hinduism in ancient India. The Shramana tradition gave rise to Jainism,[1] Buddhism,[2] Yoga,[3] and was responsible for the related concepts of the cycle of birth and death, samsara, and liberation.[4]
The Pāli samaṇa and the Sanskrit Śramaṇa' refer to renunciate ascetic traditions from the middle of the first millenium before the common era.[5] They were individual, experiential and free-form traditions, independent of society; and in religious competition with brahmin priests, who as opposed to Shramanas, stressed on mastery of texts and performing rituals.[5]
The Pāli samaṇa and the Sanskrit Śramaṇa' are postulated to be derived from the verbal root śram, meaning "to exert effort, labor or to perform austerity". "Śramaṇa" thus means "one who strives" or "laborer" in Sanskrit and Pali.[6] The term was applied to those who wholeheartedly practiced toward enlightenment, and was used for monks.[6] The Shramana traditions are best captured in the term parivrajaka meaning, a homeless wanderer.[7] The history of wandering monks in ancient India is partly untraceable. The term 'parivrajaka' was perhaps applicable to all the peripatetic monks of India.[8]
A Sanskrit definition of Shramana is śramati tapasyatīti śramaṇaḥ ("a śramaṇa is he who exerts himself and performs religious austerities"). However, Indian grammarians use the terms 'Sharamana' and 'Brahmin' to illustrate bitter opponents whose differences came from varying religious models.[5] Part of the Shramana tradition remained outside the Hindu fold by rejecting the authority of the Vedas; with the Jains, Buddhists, Ajivikas, and other religious groups developing as a result of this rejection.[5] Part of the Shramana tradition was absorbed into Hindu dharma literature with a place for a renunciate sanyasi in it, in the four stages (ashramas) of life.[5]
One of the earliest uses of the word is in the Hindu text Taittiriya Aranyaka (2-7-1) with the meaning of 'performer of austerities'. Buddhist commentaries associate the word's etymology with the quieting (samita) of evil (pāpa) as in the following phrase from the Dhammapada, verse 265: samitattā pāpānaŋ ʻsamaṇoʼ ti pavuccati ("someone who has pacified evil is called samaṇa").[3]
UKT: More in the extensive Wikipedia article such as the following account:
Nicolaus of Damascus (c. 10 CE)
Nicolaus of Damascus wrote an account of an embassy sent by an Indian king
"named Pandion (Pandyan
kingdom?) or, according to others,
Porus"
to
Caesar Augustus around
13 CE. He met with the embassy at Antioch. The embassy was bearing a
diplomatic letter in Greek, and one of its members was a "Sarmano" (Σαρμανο) who
burnt himself alive in Athens to demonstrate his faith. The event made a
sensation and was quoted by
Strabo[10]
and
Dio Cassius[11].
A tomb was made to the "Sarmano", still visible in the time of
Plutarch,
which bore the mention "ΖΑΡΜΑΝΟΧΗΓΑΣ ΙΝΔΟΣ ΑΠΟ ΒΑΡΓΟΣΗΣ" (Zarmanochēgas indos
apo Bargosēs – The sramana master from
Barygaza in
India).
Go back Shramana-note-b
End of TIL file