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Romabama on Typewriter
con01.htm.htm
by U Kyaw Tun (UKT) (M.S., I.P.S.T., USA), and staff of Tun Institute of Learning (TIL).
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UKT
200901: Without a suitable akshara for r1c5, a "convention" for Nasal
Endings is the only solution.
Group {gna.thût}
With base consonants |
{wag} r1-aksharas
{wag} r2-aksharas
{wag} r3-aksharas
{wag} r4-aksharas
{wag} r5-akksharas
{a.wag}-aksharas
With medials: next file
Contents of this page
{ng} in coda
and sign {kín:si:}
Generically
{gna.}/
{ng} in the coda, belongs to classification of rime (nuclear-vowel
+ coda),
however, it is more convenient to classify it with the vowels. Like regular
vowels, it has three registers in Bur-Myan, but only two in Skt-Dev.
{ín.} ,
{ín} ,
{ín:}
Though the Onset
{gna.} is pronounceable, the Coda
{ng}
is mute. I've long noticed that
{gna.} is not a nasal. I got the confirmation only when I studied Mon-Myan. At
least in Peguan dialect of Mon-Myan, there is no /g/ sound, except in r1c5, for
which the Mons uses a special glyph
{gn~ra.} from which Bur-Myan gets the nasal
{gnra.}. See Section 5.3 Mon language in Myanmar akshara -
MonMyan-indx.htm (link chk 200901)
The coda
{ng} brings up a special set of syllables, written with the vowel-sign
{kín:si:}, defined as:
•
{kín:si:} /|kin: si:|/
- n. orthography miniature symbol of devowelized
{ng} superscripted
on the following letter (as in
{sïn~krän} and
{þïn~bau:} - MLC MED2006-016c1
UKT 200901: The word
{kín:si:} is derived from the word {kín:} 'centipede' and
literally means "ridden by a cenipede"/
There are two tell-tale signs in Romabama by which you can detect the
presence of a {king:si:} : the extended Latin character ï (Alt0239) and 'tilde'
~. See Romabama Rule 6. The {king:si:}
is actually not a conjoined sign and may be written horizontally. You will not
see {wus~sa.} in the superscript, but the syllable is generally pronounced (tone
3) as if
there was one, however, in other cases, only tone 2 is realised.
tone 3: {dïng:~ga:}
/|din: ga:|/
- n. coin; minted pieces of metal used as currency. -- MEDict 213
However, there are exceptions. e.g.
tone 2: {ta·dïng~ga.}
/|tadin ga.|/ -
n. moment. (Pali:
{ta.dïng~ga.}) -- MEDict162
Contents of this page
Group {nga.thut}
UKT: Do not forget that <ng> is a diagraph with the pronunciation /ŋ/. This
diagraph is not realised as a consonant in the onset of English-Latin syllables,
but used in the coda as in <sing> /sɪŋ/. The <g> is usually not pronounced.
Rime:
{ing} {àng} {aing} {oang} {éng} {aung} {eing}
01. With the base-consonants
Contents of this page
{wag.} r1-aksharas
{king}
/|kin|/ - n. roast; boil; barbecue; toast (bread) -- MEDict015
{king:}
/|kin:|/ - n. general term for centipedes and scorpion -- MEDict016
{kaung}
/|kaun|/ - n. Same as
{a.kaung} - n. 1. corporeal form; physique; body -- MEDict017,537
{kaung:}
/|kaun:|/ - adj. 1. good; nice; fine; pleasant -- MEDict017
{keing}
/|kain|/ - v. 1. hold in the hand; handle; grasp; fondle. -- MEDict017
{keing:}
/|kain:|/ - n. 1. land formed by the process of silting. -- MEDict017
{hking}
/|khin|/ - v. be friendly with; be fond of; have an attachment for somebody. -- MEDict060
{hking:}
/|khin:|/ - v. spread; roll out (carpet, mat, etc.); lay
or set (tables, chairs, etc.) -- MEDict061
{hkaung}
/|khaun|/ - adj. 1. desolate. -- MEDict061
{hkaung:}
/|gaun:|/ - n. 1. head. -- MEDict061
{hkeing}
/|khain|/ - v. 1. be steadfast; be constant; be
firm -- MEDict063
{hkeing:}
/|khain:|/ - v. order or ask someone to do something; put to
work. -- MEDict063
{ging-to}
/|gin dou|/ - n. short and stubby person. -- MEDict086
{gïng:~ga}
/|gin: ga|/ - n. 1. Ganges River (Pali:
{gïng~ga}) -- MEDict 086
{geing-taung.}
/|gain taun.|/ - v. slang be loaded. -- MEDict086
{geing:}
/|gain:|/ - n. large pair of scales. -- MEDict086
{nging}
/|ngin|/ - v. 1. pull; draw. -- MEDict 095
{ngaung:}
/|ngaun:|/ - n. fabulous bird said to have only one leg. -- MEDict095
{ngeing}
/|ngain|/ - v. mope. -- MEDict095
Contents of this page
{wag.} r2-aksharas
{sing}
/|sin|/ - n.
1. platform; dais; podium; stage. -- MEDict 116
{sïng:~krän}
/|zin: gjan|/
- n. walk; path. -- MEDict116
{sing:}
/|sin:|/ - v. 1. be straight, true. -- MEDict 117
{saung.}
/|saun.|/ - v. 1. wait for. -- MEDict117
{saung}
/|saun|/ - v. 1. keep in reserve. -- MEDict117
{saung:}
/|saun:|/ - n. harp; collective
term for all kinds of harp. -- MEDict117
{seing}
/|sain|/ - n. banteng or wild ox. Boxs banteng. --
MEDict118
{seing:}
/|sain:|/ - v. 1. ride or drive (horses, draught
cattle) at speed. -- MEDict118
{-- sis --}
[UKT: Though all 3 are orthographically possible,
only one can be articulated.]
{sis} /|si'|/ - adj. military (as in military weapons) --MEDict 118
{siñ. siñ siñ:} /|sin. sin sin:|/ -- MEDict 120
-- same pronunciation as
{sing. sing sing:} /|sin. sin sin:|/ -- MEDict 116-117
{siñ.} /|sin.|/ - n. glaze -- MEDict 120
{siñ} /|sin|/ - v. 1. be flung out
(as in "flung out of the car"). -- MEDict 120
{siñ:} /|sin:|/ - v. mince; cut or chop into small pieces. -- MEDict 120
{sæÑ. sæÑ sæÑ:} /|si. si si:|/ -- MEDict 121-122
{sæÑ.} /|si.|/ - n. granary; barn. -- MEDict 121
{sæÑ} /|si|/ - n. 1. big drum (musical instrument). -- MEDict 121
{sæÑ:} /|si:|/ - n. 1. fence; line. -- MEDict 121
{hsing.}
/|hsin.|/ - v. put one on top of the other; pile up;
stack up. -- MEDict 139
{hsing}
/|hsin|/ - n. 1. elephant. -- MEDict 138
{hsing:}
/|hsin:|/ - v. 1.a go down; enter (as in "enter the water"). -- MEDict 139
{hsaung.}
/|hsaun.|/ - v. 1.collide; bang; ram into. -- MEDict140
{hsaung}
/|hsaun|/ - v. 1. carry; take or bring along -- MEDict139
{hsaung:}
/|hsaun:|/ - v. 1. cover one's head. -- MEDict140
{hseing}
/|hsain|/ - n. shop; stall; store; stand of goods for sale. -- MEDict140
{hseing:}
/|hsain:|/ - v. 1. hang or suspend by a rope or string. -- MEDict140
UKT: To describe a <blind elephant> we write
{hsing-kan:}. Imagine a blind elephant crashing through the forest.
And we have a figure of speech
{hsing-kan: tau:to:} /|hsin gan: to: dou:|/ - adv. figurative rashly;
blindly. -- MEDict 138. Let us take a rhyming word {thïng~kan:} /|thin gan:|/
- n. 1. robe worn by a Buddhist monk. -- MEDict 510 is written.
Compare the way in which the two words are written.
{hsing-kan:} is written horizontally, but
{thïng~kan:} is written with the {king:si:} (literally: "centipede-ridden") sign
.
{zing}
/|zin|/ -- n. denim. (Eng: <jean>) -- MEDict151
{mag~ga.zing:}
/|me' gazin:|/ -- n. 1. magazine
(periodical) (English: <magazine>) -- MEDict349
{zaung:}
/|zaun:|/ - n. stable (for horse). -- MEDict151
{Ñing-tha}
/|njin tha|/ - v. be smooth; be gentle; (of speech and manner) be polite. -- MEDict 157
{Ñing:}
/|njin:|/ - adj. soft; gentle (as in "a soft and gentle breeze") -- MEDict 157
{Ñaung}
/|njaun|/ - n. banyan tree; generic term for some species of Ficus. -- MEDict157
{Ñaung:}
/|njaun:|/ - v. 1. (of time) be long. -- MEDict158
Contents of this page
{wag.} r3-aksharas
Contents of this page
{wag} r4-aksharas
{ting.}
/|tin.|/ - adj. 1. comely; becoming. -- MEDict177
{ting}
/|tin|/ - v. 1. put or place something on something. -- MEDict177
{ting:}
/|tin:|/ - n. volume-unit of dry measure (approximately a
bushel) -- based on MEDict177
{taung.}
/|taun.|/ - v. 1. stiff. -- MEDict179
{taung}
/|taun|/ - n. mountain; hill. -- MEDict178
{taung:}
/|taun:|/ - v. ask for (something). -- MEDict179
{teing}
/|tain|/ - v. 1. request
(as in "request permission to leave") -- MEDict179
{teing:}
/|tain:|/ - v. 1. measure; gauge; compare. --
MEDict180
{hting.}
/|htin.|/ - v. Same as {sait-hting.}: have misgivings
about something. -- MEDict200, 123
{hting}
/|htin|/ - v. be visible; be seen. -- MEDict200
{hting:}
/|htin:|/ - n. firewood. -- MEDict200
{htaung.}
/|htaun.|/ - v. 1. (of a journey) be tortuous --
MEDict201
{htaung}
/|htaun|/ - v. 1. stand
(as in "to put an umbrella in a standing position in a corner") -- MEDict200
{htaung:}
/|htaun:|/ - v. 1. pound. -- MEDict201
{hteing}
/|htain|/ - v. 1. sit. -- MEDict201
{hteing:}
/|htain|/ - v. 1. be damp; be moist. -- MEDict202
{ding}
/|din|/ - n. butt (of a gun) -- MEDict 212
{ta·dïng~ga.}
/|tadin ga.|/ - n. moment. (Pali:
{ta.dïng~ga.}) -- MEDict162
{dïng:~ga:}
/|din: ga:|/ - n. coin; minted pieces of metal used as currency. -- MEDict 213
{daung.ta.laung}
/|daun. dalaun|/ - n. creeper with glossy leaves. Dalbergia volubilis. -- MEDict213
{daung}
/|daun|/ - n. Same as
{dauk}
/|dau'|/ - n. 5. height; build; stature (of a person). -- MEDict213, 212
{daung:}
/|daun:|/ - n. peafowl. -- MEDict213
{deing}
/|dain|/ - n. 1. obsolete grouping of villages for revenues purposes. -- MEDict214
{deing:}
/|dain:|/ - n. principal rafter. cf -- MEDict214
{ning.}
/|nin.|/ - v. be packed tightly. -- MEDict233
{ning}
/|nin|/ - v. be stuck in the throat. -- MEDict233
{ning:}
/|nin:|/ - v. 1. tread on; step on; trample. -- MEDict234
{ta·nïng:~la}
/|tanin: la|/ - n. Monday. -- MEDict162
{naung}
/|naun|/ - n. word indicating future
(expressed in English by adverbs "in future", "later", "afterwards"). -- MEDict234
{neing}
/|nain|/ - v. 1. win; conquer; prevail -- MEDict234
{neing:hkying:}
/|nain: gjin:|/ - adv. 1. in equal proportions. -- MEDict235
Contents of this page
{wag} r5-aksharas
{ping.}
/|pin.|/ - v. 1. raise (as in "raising eyebrows") -- MEDict 268
{ping}
/|pin|/ - n. Same as {a·ping}: plant; tree. -- MEDict 267, 571
{ping:}
/|pin:|/ - v. 1. wedge; drive in a wedge. -- MEDict 269
{paung}
/|paun|/ - v. 1. add on; attach, append, affix
(something to make another stronger, complete, fuller, etc) -- MEDict269
{paung:}
/|paun:|/ - v. 1. add; mix. -- MEDict269
{peing.}
/|pain.|/ - n. pint (fluid measure). -- MEDict271
{peing}
/|pain|/ - v. 1. own; possess -- MEDict270
{peing:}
/|pain:|/ - v. 1. divide; cut up -- MEDict271
{hping.}
/|hpin.|/ - v. delay; be dilatory. -- MEDict 302
{hping}
/|hpin|/ - n. 1. vulgar anus. -- MEDict 302
{hping:}
/|hpin:|/ - v. Same as {ping:} : v. 2. be
biased; be partial; participate in a fraud.
-- based on MEDict 302
{hpaung}
/|hpaun|/ - n. 1. raft. -- MEDict302
{hpaung:}
/|hpaun:|/ - v. swell; bulge; be inflated, plump,
bloated. -- MEDict302
{hpeing.}
/|hpain.|/ - adj. full; broad; plump; square built (of a
person). -- MEDict303
{hpeing}
/|hpain|/ - n. file (of sheets of paper, correspondence, etc) -- MEDict303
{bing-tha:}
/|bin dha:|/ - n. sluice gate operator of a dam or weir. -- MEDict 314
{baung-baung}
/|baun baun|/ - n. toy bamboo pop-gun. -- MEDict314
{baung:}
/|baun:|/ - n. kind of fillet or turban. -- MEDict314
{being:}
/|bain:|/ - n. 1. cotton. -- MEDict314
{Bing:}
/|bin:|/ - n. ganja; cannabis; Indian hemp; hashish; marijuana.
(Sanskrit:
{bïng~ga.}) -- MEDict 326
{Baung}
/|baun|/ - n. 1. (a) frame; bounds; limit. --
MEDict326
{Baung:}
/|baun:|/ - n. wooden arm attached to the pestle of an
oil-press. -- MEDict327
{Being}
/|bain|/ - n. large tree with heavy buttress roots.
Tetrameles nudifflora. -- MEDict327
{Being:being:lè:}
/|bain: bain: le:|/ - v. See
- v. collapse. -- MEDict327, 314
{ming.}
/|min.|/ - part. verb-suffix indicating certainty -- ed. MEDict 350
{ming}
/|min|/ - v. like; love; be fond of -- MEDict 349
{mïng~ga.la}
/|min gala|/ - n. source of prospersity; blessing. -- MEDict 350
{ming:}
/|min:|/ - n. 1. monarch; king; ruler of a state. -- MEDict 350
{maung}
/|maun|/ - n. 1. brother of a woman
(according to current usage the term refers to the younger brother). -- MEDict351,352
{maung:}
/|maun:|/ - v. 1. drive out (someone or something). -- MEDict352
{meing}
/|main|/ - n. mile. [Eng mile ] -- MEDict353
{meing:}
/|main:|/ - n. 1. mine -- MEDict353
Contents of this page
{a.wag}-aksharas
{ying}
/|jin|/ - n. Same as {ying-kaung} : fly. -- MEDict 385, 385
{ying:}
/|jin:|/ - n. 1. sun-blind made of bamboo-screen; chick. -- MEDict 385
{yaung}
/|jaun|/ - v. 1. speak or act absent-mindedly. -- MEDict385
{yaung:}
/|jaun:|/ - adj. dry. -- MEDict385
{yeing}
/|jain|/ - v. 1. incline; lean; sway; totter. -- MEDict386
{yeing:ping:}
/|jain: pin:|/ - v. See
{reing:ping:} /|jain: bin:|/ - v. rally round; come to the aid of;
help. -- MEDict386, 407
{ring.}
/|jin.|/ - adj. (of fruit, tree, age, experience) mature. -- MEDict406
{ring}
/|jin|/ - n. breast; chest. -- MEDict405
{ring:} 
/|jin:|/ - v. 1. put in; invest (as in "invest with money") -- MEDict406
{raung.}
/|jaun.|/ - v. rise; swell. -- MEDict407
{raung}
/|jaun|/ - v. swell. -- MEDict406
{raung:}
/|jaun:|/ - v. sell. -- MEDict407
{reing}
/|jain|/ - n. bamboo matting (used in making an enclosure
for storing grain). -- MEDict407
{reing:}
/|jain:|/ - adj. 1. rude; uncouth; uncivilized. --
MEDict407
{ling.}
/|lin.|/ - v. 1. wait; wait for; keep vigil. -- MEDict450
{ling}
/|ling|/ - n. husband. -- MEDict449
{lïng~ka}
/|lin ga|/ - n. verse. (Pali: {a.lïng~ka-ra.}) -- MEDict450
{ling:}
/|lin:|/ - adj. 1. bright. -- MEDict450
{laung}
/|laun|/ - v. 1. burn; be burnt. -- MEDict451
{laung:}
/|laun:|/ - v. 1. pour (a liquid like water, particles like sand); put into the alms bowl,
proffer (food or other offerings to a monk on his round of collecting offerings) -- MEDict451
{leing-sing}
/|lainsin|/ - n. licence -- MEDict452
{leing:}
/|lain:|/ - n. 1. line. (English <line>) -- MEDict452
{wing.}
/|win.|/ - v. 1. brandish (as in "brandishing a sword") -- MEDict479
{wing}
/|win|/ - v. 1 (a) enter; come in; go in. -- MEDict478
{wïng~ka.pa}
/|win gaba|/ - n. labyrinth; maze. -- MEDict479
{wing:}
/|win:|/ - n. enclosure; compound; ground. -- MEDict479
{weing}
/|wain|/ - n. wine. -- MEDict479
{weing:}
/|wain:|/ - v. 1. gather around; surround; besiege. -- MEDict479
{ing} {àng} {aing} {oang} {éng} {aung} {eing}
{thin.}
/|thin.|/ - v. 1. be proper, suitable, becoming; agree with; get on well. -- MEDict511
{thin}
/|thin|/ - pron. you. -- MEDict509
{thïng~kan:}
/|thin gan:|/ - n. 1. robe worn by a Buddhist monk. -- MEDict510
{thing:}
/|thin:|/ - v. 1. exude a pleasing aroma. -- MEDict511
{thaïng~gi}
/|thein gi|/ - n. superior quality gold. (Pali: {thaïng~gi}) -- MEDict512
{thaung}
/|thaun|/ - v. be robust, sprightly. -- MEDict512
{thaung:}
/|thaun:|/ - n. ten thousand. -- MEDict512
{theing:}
/|thain:|/ - v. 1. wear something slung across one's
shoulder (like a sash) -- MEDict479
{hing.ing}
/|hin. in|/ - part. colloquial word denoting dissent or refusal. -- MEDict530
{hing}
/|hin|/ -- int. exclamation showing disapproval or surprise. -- MEDict530
{hïng~tha}
/|hin: tha|/ - n. Brahminy duck. (Pali:
{hän-tha.}) -- MEDict530
{hing:}
/|hin:|/ - n. 2. curry. -- MEDict530
{haung}
/|haun|/ - v. 1. (of dog) bark. -- MEDict531
{haung:}
/|haun:|/ - adj. ancient; out-of-date; used; past. -- MEDict531
{heing:}
/|hain:|/ - n. 1. tuskless elephant. -- MEDict531
{ing.}
/|in.|/ - part. colloquial word expressed when passing something to another person. -- MEDict622
{ing}
/|in|/ - n. 1. quantity; number; amount; extent; measure; standard. -- MEDict621
{ïng~ga}
/|in ga|/ - n. 1. part of body; anatomical part; limb; member. -- MEDict622
{ing:}
/|in:|/ - n. 1. natural pond or lake. -- MEDict622
{aung.}
/|aun.|/ - v. 1. feel a dull pain in stomach, chest, etc. -- MEDict624
{aung}
/|aun|/ - v. 1. be victorious. -- MEDict623
{aung:}
/|aun:|/ - v. 1. be cooped up. -- MEDict624
{eing.}
/|ain.|/ - adj. 1. concave; dented. -- MEDict624
{eing}
/|ain|/ - n. 1. pond; puddle; pool. -- MEDict624
{eing:}
/|ain:|/ - n. open sore. -- MEDict625
Contents of this page
bushel
n. Abbr. 1. a. A unit of volume or capacity in the U.S.
Customary System, used in dry measure and equal to 4 pecks, 2,150.42 cubic
inches, or 35.24 liters. b. A unit of volume or capacity in the British
Imperial System, used in dry and liquid measure and equal to 2,219.36 cubic
inches or 36.37 liters. See note at measurement . 2. A container with the
capacity of a bushel. 3. Informal A large amount; a great deal.
[Middle English from Anglo-Norman bussel variant of Old French
boissiel from boisse one sixth of a bushel of Celtic origin] -- AHTD
Go back bushel-b
Contents of this page
End of TIL file