by Kyaw Soe and Tin Myo Ngwè, Forest Resource Environment Development and
Conservation Association (FREDA), Series 1, 2004, ISBN 974-91986-0-3
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Agri.Dept.2000: Akshara Science names | Family names
Contents of this pageUKT: Nagathein references are given to check the Burmese-Myanmar names. * shows where there is no agreement in Burmese name but when the plant is identifiable from botanical name.
{U-thhyis}
Aegle marmelos Corr. 4-095
{shauk}
Citrus medica L. 3-181
{tha.nup.hka:} ; {thi-ha.ra-za}
Limonia crenulata Roxb. 3-353
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KS-TMN 198
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Botanical name: Aegle marmelos Corr. in Trans. Linn. Soc. V. 223. 1800. Photos: |
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Identification characters:
A deciduous tree, small or medium-sized; stems armed with strong straight
sharp axillary spines. Leaves alternate, palmately compound, trifoliate;
exstipulate; petiolate; leafets elliptic, the bases obtuse, the margins crenate,
the tips acute, glabrous, pellucid-punctate, aromatic; lateral leaflets
subsessile, the terminal long-petioluled. Inflorescences terminal and axillary
scorpioid cymes. Flowers ebracteolate, pedicellate, bisexual, actinomorphic,
pentamerous, hypogynous, aromatic. Calyx synsepalous, 5-lobed, sometimes
obscure, deciduous. Corolla apopetalous, the petals 5, much longer than calyx,
greenish yellow. Androecium polyandrous, stamens numerous, the filaments short,
inserted to rim of disc, the anthers dithecous, oblongoid, apiculate, basifixed,
introrse, dehiscence longitudinal. Pistil 1, ovary ovoid, 5-lobed, elevated on
the disc, 5-carpelled, syncarpous, 5-loculed, the placentation axile, the ovules
numerous in each locule, the style short, the stigma capitate. Fruit a berry,
globose or ovoid, pulpy, the pulp sweet, thick, orange coloured, rind leathery,
woody; seeds oblongoid, numerous, pulp aromatic, non-endospermic.
Flowering period: September-November
Fruiting period: March-April
Distribution: Grows wild or cultivated throughout Myanmar.
Parts used and uses: Root -- Dysuria; Emesis; Colic; Oligospermia;
Gouty arthritis; Venereal disease; Analgesic; Carminative; Antidote for bites of
poisonous animals; Antidote for snake venom. Bark -- Palpitation of
heart; Syncopal attack; Emesis; Anaemia; Chronic fever; High fever. Bark
powder -- Cholera; Gastro-enteritis in children. Leaf -- As an
Expectorant; Carminative; Disinfectant of the mouth; Diarrhoea in puerperium;
Diarrhoea; Infantile diarrhoea; Epihora; Opthalmitis; Asthma; Menopausal
disease; Oedema; Diabetes; Arthritis; Jaundice; Anthelminutic; Indigestion;
Flatulence; Otorrhoea; Gum ache; Boils; Carbuncles; Bad odour of body. Flower
-- Dysentery; To allay thirst; Emesis. Fruit -- Chronic leucorrhoea.
Fruit pulp -- Chronic leucorrhoea. Dried pulp -- Carminative; As
an expectorant. Young fruit -- Carminative; Heartburn; Cholera; Polyuria;
Diarrhoea complicating after chicken pox; Dysentery; Chronic dysentery; Amoebic
dysentery; Diahrrhoea during pregnancy; Tinnitus. Mature fruit --
Carminative; As an expectorant; Good for heart. Unripe fruit -- Dysuria;
Diarrhoea; Dysentery. Ripe fruit -- Constipation; Dysentery; Bilious
diarrhoea; Gastro-enteritis; Minor ailment in pregnancy.
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KS-TMN 201
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Botanical name: Citrus medica L. Sp. Pl. 782. 1753. {shauk} Photos: |
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Identification characters:
A small tree; younger stems 3-angled, purplish, the older ones terete,
glabrous, spines axillary. Leaves alternate, palmately compound, unifoliate;
exstipulate; petioles narrowly winged; leaflets elliptic-ovate to
elliptic-oblong, the bases obtuse to rounded, the margins crenate-serrate; the
tips obtuse to cuneate, pellucid-punctate, coriaceous. Inflorescence in axillary
cymes, 2- to 5-flowered; peduncles glabrous; bracts linear, caducous. Flowers
pedicellate, bisexual, actinomorphic, pentamerous, hypogynous. Calyx synsepalous,
5-partite, cupular, the lobes ovate, deciduous. Corolla apopetalous, the petals
5, broadly lanceolate, white, tinged pink without, fragrant. Androecium
polyadelphous, stamens 30-40, the filaments flattened, cohering towaeds the
base, inserted round an annualr disc, exserted, the anthers dithecous, oblongoid,
dorsifixed, introrse, dehiscence longitudinal. Pistil 1, ovary 5- to 8-lobed, 5-
to 8-carpelled, syncarpous, 5- to 8-loculed, the placentation axile, the ovules
2-3 in each locule, 2-seriate, the style as long as the filaments, the stigma
capitate. Fruit a hesperidium, obovoid or ellipsoid, obscurely lobed, the apex
broadly mammillate, the bases collared, rind leathery, the pulp juicy, acid;
seeds numerous, ovoid, endospermic.
Flowering period: April-May
Fruiting period: June-August
Distribution: Grows wild or commonly cultivated throughout Myanmar.
Parts used and uses: Root -- Gastrointestinal colic; Cholera; Emesis; Constipation; Infections; Inflammations; Urinary infection; Haemorrhoid; Lithiasis; Tooth diseases. Buds and flowers -- Antiemetic; Appetizer; Gives energy; Asthma; Whooping cough; Giddiness; Promotes peristalsis of the intestine. Young fruit -- Carminative; Expectorant; Biliousness. Ripe fruit -- Heartburn; Appetizer; Antiseptic for throuat; Easilydigested; Haematemesis; To allay thirst; Hiccough; Gains weight; Analgesic; Dyspepsia; Good for heart; Carminative; Chest pain: Mucolytic; Asthma; Gives energy; Whooping cough; Oedema; Cough; Laryngitis; Leprosy. Fruit rind -- Mucolytic; Colic; Back-ache; Loss of appetite; Biliousness. Inner layers of rind -- Analgesic; Colic; Back-ache; Loss of appetite; Biliousness. Juicy layers -- Heartburn; Appetizer; Chest pain; Easily digested; Abdominal tumours; Asthma; Cough; Hiccough; Psychosis; Oedema; Emesis; Haemorrhoids. Juicy layers -- Instestinal colic; Cystitis; Loss of appetitie; Asthma; Cough. Infusion -- Emesis; Otalgia. Seed -- Mucolytic; Haemorrhoids; Heartburn; Inflammations; Hard to digest; Carminative; Biliousness; Gives energy. Embryo in seed -- Appetizer; Gives energy; Carminative; Mucolytic.
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KS-TMN 202
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Botanical name: Limonia crenulata Roxb. Corom. Pl.I, t. 86. Myanmar name: Thanat-kha; Thi-ha-yaza English name: --- Family name: Rutaceae
Burmese-Myanmar name in Nagathein :3-353 Photos: |
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Identification characters:
A spinous shrub or a small tree; branches woody; rigid, flexuous, spines sharp.
Leaves alternate, unipinnately compound, imparipinnate; exstipulate; petioles
and rachis winged; leaflets 2-4 pairs, opposite, elliptic-ovate, the bases
obtuse to cuneate, the margins crenulate, the tips obtuse, rarely acute,
glabrous. Inflorescences in axillary cymes, the cymules 1-3 per axil. Flowers
ebracteolate, ebracteolate, pedicellate, bisexual, actinomorphic, tetramerous,
hypogynous. Calyx synsepalous, small, 4-lobed, the lobes broadly ovate, acute.
Corolla apopetalous, the petals 4, elliptic-oblong, glandular, white, fragrant.
Androecium polyandrous, stamens 8, 2-seriate, the outer whorl opposite the
petals, subequal, inserted around a stipitiform disc, the filaments linear-subulate,
the anthers dithecous, oblongoid, dorsifixed, introrse, dehiscence longitudinal.
Pistil 1, ovary oblongoid, papillose, 4-carpelled, syncarpous, 4-loculed, the
ovule solitary in each locule, the placentation axile, the style thick and
stout, the stigma capitate. Fruit a berry, globose, very acid; seeds 1-4,
enbedded in mucilage, non-edospermic.
Flowering period: April-June
Fruiting period: June-August
Distribution: Grows wild in dry low plains of Upper Myanmar. Also cultivated.
Parts used and uses: Root -- Antipyretic for high fevers; Prevention of small pox; Antidote for many poisons; Flatulence; Chest pain; Heart pain; Purgative. Leaf -- Epilepsy.
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