by Kyaw Soe and Tin Myo Ngwè, Forest Resource Environment Development and
Conservation Association (FREDA), Series 1, 2004, ISBN 974-91986-0-3
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Akshara
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UKT: Nagathein references are given to check the Burmese-Myanmar names. * shows where there is no agreement in Burmese name but when the plant is identifiable from botanical name.
{hsing-toan°:-ma.nwé~} Tinospora cordifolia Miers.1-483
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KS-TMN 161
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Botanical name: Tinospora cordifoia Miers. in Ann. Hist. Nat. 2. Ser. V11 38. 1851. Burmese-Myanmar name in Nagathein :1-483 Photos: |
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Identification characters:
A large climbing shrub, lianous; stems grooved, succulent, glabrous, bark corky.
Leaves alternate, simple; exstiperlate; petioles tendrillar; laminae broadly
ovate to orbicular, the bases cordate with a broad sinus and large basal lobes,
the margins entire, the tips acute, 3-to 5-costate, reticulate, the surfaces
glabrous. Inflorescences racemes, axillary or terminal or cauliflorous, lax,
often exceeding leaf length; bracts subulate. Flowers ebracteolate, pedicellate,
cuisexual, dioecious, actinomophic, trimerous, hypogynous. Staminate flowers
fascicled in the axils of small bracts. Calyx aposepalous, sepals 6, 2-seriate,
the 3 outer minute, ovate-oblong, acute, the 3 inner larger, membranous, broadly
elliptic, concave, yellow. Corolla apopetalous, petals 6, 2-seriate, equal,
broadly spathulate, the claw cuneate, smaller than sepals. Androecium
polyandrous, stamens 6, opposite the petals, the anthers 4-celled, oblongoid,
adnate, dehiscence longitudinal. Pistillode obsent. Pistillate flowers
solitary; sepals and petals similar to the staminate, but with green sepals.
Staminodes 6, short, clavate. Pistils 3, ovaries 3, apocarpous on the short
fleshy gynophore, each ovary 1-carpelled, 1-loculed, the placentation parietal,
the ovule solitary in each, the stigmas forked. Fruit a drupe, dorsally conuex,
ventrally flat, style-scan subterminal, endocarp rugose, ribbed on the back,
reddish; seeds oblongoid, dorsally ridged, ventrally depressed, obscurely
muricate, endosperm copious or scanty.
Flowering period: June - August
Fruiting period: August - December
Distribution: Commonly grows wild throughout the tropical regions of Myanmar.
Parts used and uses: Stem -- Jaundice; Cough; Leprosy; Emesis; Vertigo; To allay thirst; Heartburn; Good for heart; Gives energy; For longevity of life; Arthritis; Herpes; Bleeding piles; Infections; Carminative; Biliousness; Expectorant; Leucorrhoea; Neuropathy; Otalgia; Palpitation of heart; Antidote for poisons; Indigestion. Leaf -- Jaundice.
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