by Kyaw Soe and Tin Myo Ngwé, Forest Resource Environment Development and
Conservation Association (FREDA), Series 1, 2004, ISBN 974-91986-0-3
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KS-TMN-indx.htm
UKT: Nagathein references are given to check the Burmese-Myanmar names. * shows where there is no agreement in Burmese name but when the plant is identifiable from botanical name.
{rha:} ; {thhya:}
Acacia catechu Willd. 3-102
{kin-mwun:hkying} Acacia concinna
DC. 1-096
{nan:loan°:-kraing} Acacia farnesiana Willd.
2-150
{hta.nhaung:} Acacia leucophloea Willd.
2-056
{kok~ko} ; {a.ña kok~ko} Albizzia lebbek Benth. 1-106
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Agri.Dept.2000:
Akshara |
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KS-TMN 134
|
Botanical name: Acacia catechu Willd.
Sp. Pl. iv. 1079. 1805. Burmese-Myanmar name in Nagathein 3-102: Photos: |
 |
 |
Identification characters:
A moderate sized tree, deciduous; branches armed with substipular recurved
prickles, bark rough dark couloured, the younger stems dark brown or purple,
glabrous. Leaves alternate, bipinnately compound, paripinnate; stipules as
recurved prickles; petioles bear solitary apical glands; primary rachis with
glands between the pairs of the secondary ones, the glands solitary, black, 3-5,
the secondary racheae 11-14 pairs, pubescent, leaflets 24-37 pairs, linear,
ligulate, minute, overlapping, the bases obtuse, oblique, the margins entire,
the tips subacute. Inflorescences in axillary cylindrical spikes, pendant;
penduncled. Flowers sessile, bisexual, actinomorphic, pentamerous, hypogynous.
Calyx synsepalous, shortly 5-toothed, campanulate, the outer surfaces pubescent.
Corolla synpetalous, 5-lobed, 2-3 times longer than calyx, the lobes
ovate-oblong, pubescent, pale yellow. Androecium polyandrous, stamens numerous,
the filaments filiform, much exserted, the anthers dithecous, oblongoid, not
gland-crested, dorsifixed, introrse, dehiscence longitudinal. Pistil 1, ovary
oblongoid, 1-carpelled, 1-loculed, the placenta, the style filiform, the stigma
minute, capitate, the gynophore distinct. Fruit a pod, ligulate, flat, thin, not
jointed, sutures straight, shining, brown, apex beaked, the base stalked; seeds
3-10, non-endospermic.
Flowering period: June-July
Fruiting period: July-September
Distribution: Grows wild
throughout Myanmar. Common in dry low plains.
Parts used and uses: Root, bark, leaf, flower, fruit -- Leprosy.
Bark -- Leucoderma; Fistula in ano; Antidiarrhoea; Cough. Leaf --
Polyuria. Flower -- Metrorrhagia. Resin -- Tooth applicant for strong
teeth; Haemostasis; Diarrhoea; Bowel antiseptic; Chronic sores; Gonorrhoea; Dry
cough; Apthus ulcer; Ottorrhoea; Inflammations in oral cavity; Haemorrhoids.
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KS-TMN 137
|
Botanical name: Acacia concinna DC.
Prodr. 11 464. 1825. Burmese-Myanmar name in Nagathein 1-096: Photos: |
 |
 |
Identification characters:
A climbing shrub, armed with numerous small recurved prickles; younger stems
terete, longitudinally striated, glabrescent. Leaves alternate, bipinnately
compound, paripinnate; stipules ovate, deciduous; petioles bear solitary basal
glands, pulvinate, the primary rachis bear interpetiolar glands at the base of
the terminal 1-2 pairs of secondary racheae, terminally appendaged, arned with 5
small recurved prickles, the secondary racheae 5-8 pairs, bear a gland each
between the terminal 2-3 pairs of leaflets, stipels cordate or ovate; leaflets
5-25 pairs, oblong, oblique, the bases rounded or truncate, the margins entire,
the tips acute or mucronate. Inflorescences in globose heads, axillary,
head bearing peducles 3-4 per axil; bracts persistent. Flowers bracteolate,
pedicellate, bisexual, actinomorphic, pentamerous, hypogynous. Calyx synsepalous,
5-toothed, campanulate, glabrous. Corolla synpetalous, 5-partite, campanulate,
the tube about twice the length of calyx, the lobes subulate, yellow, glabrous.
Androecium polyandrous, stamens numerous, the filaments filiforn, about
twice the length of corolla, the anthers dithecous, minute, not gland-crested,
dorsifixed, introrse, dehiscence longitudinal. Pistil 1, ovary oblongoid,
obscurely compressed, pubescent, 1-carpelled, 1-loculed, the placentation
parietal along ventral suture, the ovules many in the locule, of 2 alternating
rows on a single placenta, the style filiform, longer than filaments, the stigma
minute, capitate; gynophore short. Fruit a pod, oblongoid, straight, slightly
compressed, constricted between the seeds, indehiscent, rugose; seeds 5-18,
ovoid, compressed, brown, non-endospermic.
Flowering and Fruiting periods: May - July
Distribution: Grows wild and
cultivated in tropical regions throughout Myanmar.
Parts used and uses: Leaf -- Ascites; Hepatitis; Unproductive
cough; Leprosy; Haemorrhoids; Tumours; Indigestion; Biliousness; Expectorant;
Good for heart. Fruit -- Abortifacient; Cathartic; Antidote for snake
venom; As hair shampoo for antiseptic and antidandruff; Pain due to
cystitis. Seed -- Emetic; Diuretic; Cathartic.
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KS-TMN 138
|
Botanical name: Acacia farnesiana
Willd. Sp. Pl. iv 1083.1805. Burmese-Myanmar name in Nagathein 2-150: Photos: |
 |
 |
Identification characters:
A shrub or a low tree; branches slender, zigzag, armed with stipular spines.
Leaves alternate, bipinnately compound, paripinnate; stipules spinescent, the
spines straight, hard and sharp; petioles bear solitary glands about mid-length;
primary rachis pubescent, secondary racheae 5-7 pairs, pubescent; leaflets 15-20
pairs, linear-oblong, minute, the bases obtuse, oblique, the margins entire, the
tips acute, glabrous, coriaceous. Inflorescences in axillary pedunculate globose
heads, the head bearing peduncles shorter than the leaves; bracts ciliate,
persistent. Flowers bracteolate, the bracteoles ciliolate, pedicellate, besexual,
actinomorphic, pentamerous, hypogynous. Calyx synsepalous, campanulate, 5-fid,
teeth short triangular, petaloid, yellow. Corolla synpetalous, 5-lobed, the
lobes obtuse, minute, deep yellow. Androecium polyandrous, stamens numerous, the
filaments filiform, much exserted, more than twice the length of corolla tube,
the anthers dithecous, not gland-crested, dorsifixed, introrse, dehiscence
longitudinal. Pistil 1, ovary linear-oblongoid, 1-carpelled, 1-loculed, the
placentation parietal along ventral suture, the ovules many in the locule, of 2
alternating rows on a single placenta, the style filiform, the stigma minute,
capitate, the gynophore distinct. Fruit a pod, subcylindrical, slightly curved,
short, thick, sutures straight, mesocarp pulpy, indehiscent, divided into 6-23
pairs of 1-seeded chambers, dull brown, closely striated; seeds non-endospermic.
Flowering period: October-November
Fruiting period: November-December
Distribution: Common throughout
Myanmar. Planted.
Parts used and uses: Bark -- Metrorrhagia; Pruritis; Bronchitis;
Diarrhoea; Dysentery; For the treatment of tooth-ache, toothdecay and pyorrhoea;
As an antidote for poisons; Heals carbuncles. Gum --
Aphrodisiac; Gives energy
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KS-TMN 141
|
Botanical name: Acacia leucophloea
Willd. Sp. Pl. iv 1083. 1805. Burmese-Myanmar name in Nagathein 2-056: Photos: |
 |
 |
Identification characters:
A tree; branches armed with stipular spines, bark yellowish, the younger
stems pubescent. Leaves alternate, bipinnately compound, paripinnate; stipules
spinescent, spines short, stout and straight; petioles bear solitary apical
glands; primary rachis bears 7-9 interpetiolar glands, terminally appendaged,
the secondary racheae 7-9 pairs, pubescent; leaflets 12-17 pairs, oblong,
minute, the bases obtuse, oblique, the margins entire, the tips acute,
coriaceous. Inflorescences terminal paniculate cymes bearing globose heads;
bracts persistent. Flowers bracteolate, pedicellate, bisexual, actinomorphic,
pentamerous, hypogynous. Calyx synsepalous, 5-fid, petaloid, brownish yellow,
the tube length about three times shorter than the corolla tube. Corolla
synpetalous, twice longer than calyx length, 5-lobed, the lobes minute, valvate,
brownish yellow. Androecium polyandrous, stamens numerous, the filaments
filiform, much exserted, about twice the length of corolla tube, the anthers
dithecous, not gland-crested, dorsifixed, introrse, dehiscence longitudinal.
Pistil 1, ovary linear-oblongoid, 1-carpelled, 1-loculed, the placentation
parietal along ventral suture, the ovules many in the locule, of 2 alternating
rows on a single placenta, the style filiform, the stigma minute, capitate, the
gynophore distinct. Fruit a pod, ligulate, falcate, thin and flat, sutures
straight, tomentose; seeds 10-20, non-endospermic.
Flowering period: April-May
Fruiting period: June-September
Distribution: Grows wild,
common in dry zone plains
Parts used and uses: Bark -- Antiseptic; Antipyretic; Oedema;
Cough; Emesis; To allay thirst; Burning sensations; Metrorrhagia; Mental
disorders; Leprosy. Wood of fresh roots -- Rabies
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KS-TMN 142
|
Botanical name: Albizzia lebbeck Benth.
In Hook. Lond. Jorun. Bot.111.67.1844. Burmese-Myanmar name in Nagathein 1-106: Photos: |
 |
 |
Identification characters:
A deciduous tree; stems unarmed, the younger ones glabrous, lenticels white.
Leaves alternate bipinnately compound, paripinnate; stipules persistent;
petioles with a large gland above the base; primary rachis bears glands between
every pair of secondary racheae, the secondary racheae 3-5 pairs; petiolules
short, glands present between bases; leaflets 8-14 pairs, oblong, the terminal
pair obovate-oblong, the bases obtuse or truncae, oblique, the margins entire,
the tips obtuse, the lowest ones markedly reduced, overlapping, subcoriaceous,
glabrous. Inflorescences paniculate globose heads from the axils of compact
upper nodes, the head bearing peduncles short, 2-4 together from axils of upper
leaves; bracts persistent. Flowers bracteolate, pedicellate, bisexual,
actinomorphic, pentamerous, hypogynous. Calyx synsepalous, companulate, 5-fid,
sepaloid. Corolla synpetalous, 5-lobed, infundibuliform, twice calyx length, the
lobe lanceolate, greenish yellow, fragrant. Androecium monadelphous at the base,
stamens numerous, the filaments length much longer than the corolla, the anthers
dithecous, minute, not gland-crested, dorsifixed, introrse, dehiscence
longitudinal. Pistil 1, ovary linear-oblongoid, 1-carpelled, 1-loculed, the
placentation parietal along ventral suture, the ovules many in the locule, of 2
alternating rows on a single plancenta, the style filiform, the stigma capitate,
the gynophore short. Fruit a pod, linear oblongoid, thin and flat, yellowish
brown; seeds elliptic-oblongoid, 6-10, brown, non endospermic.
Flowering period: September-November
Fruiting period: November-April
Distribution: Grows wild
throughout Myanmar. Common in dry upper Myanmar plains. May ascend to 3000ft
Parts used and uses: Antidote for poisons; Oedema; Metrorrhagia; Herpes;
Cough; Eezema; Skin disease; Boils and pustules; Pruritis. Root --
Migraine. Bark -- Oedema, Cough; Toxic infectiond, Diseases of the blood;
Stiffness of back; Haemorrhoids; Antidote for rat-bite poison. Leaf --
Eye disease. Flower -- Asthma; Antidote for snake bite. Seed -- Nytolopia.
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