Update: 2006-03-18 12:55 AM +0700

TIL

Medicinal Plants of Myanmar

Amaryllidaceae

by Kyaw Soe and Tin Myo Ngwč, Forest Resource Environment Development and Conservation Association (FREDA), Series 1, 2004, ISBN 974-91986-0-3
Copied by U Kyaw Tun, and staff of TIL for staff and students of TIL. Not for sale.

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UKT: Nagathein references are given to check the Burmese-Myanmar names. * shows where there is no agreement in Burmese name but when the plant is identifiable from botanical name.

{ko-ran°-kri:} Crinum asiaticum L. 1-086
{ga.moan:kwin:hto:} Crinum latifolium L. 1-315

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KS-TMN 038

{ko-ran°-kri:} Crinum asiaticum L. 1-086

Botanical name: Crinum asiaticum L. Sp. Pl. 1753.
Myanmar name: Koyan-gyi
English name: Poison Bulb
Family: Amaryllidaceae

Burmese-Myanmar name in Nagathein 1-086:
 {ko-ran°-kri:}

Photos:
left -- habit with flowers
right -- habit with fruits
Click on the pictures to enlarge.

 

Identification characters:
A perennial herb; rootstock large, tunicated bulb, oblongoid, narrowed into a neck, propagate mostly by bulbels, subtended by disciform internodal zones. Roots adventitious, fleshy, white. Aerial stems, short, stout, erect. Leaves basal; exstipulate; petioles sheathing; laminae linear-lanceolate, the bases sheathing, the margins entire, obscurely undulate, the tips shortly acuminate, flat, 7- to 14-costate, parallel, bright green, glabrous. Inflorescences in umbels, the umbels 15- to 30-flowered, borne on a solid cylindrical scape, inserted on the neck of bulb; bracts 2, oblong-lanceolate, spathaceous. Flowers showy, fragrant, the bracteoles filiform, pedicellate, bisexual, actinomorphic, trimerous, epigynous. Perianth synphyllous, salverform, the lobes 6 in 2 whorls, linear, nearly as long as the tube, recurved or revolute, white, the tubes cylindric, slender, greenish-white; Androecium polyandrous, stamens 6 in 2 whorls, epipetalous, arising from the throat of perianth tube, reddish, the filaments filiform, shorter than the perianth lobes, exserted, the anthers dithecous, oblongoid, dorsifixed, versatile, introrse, dehiscence longitudinal. Pistil 1, ovary oblongoid, 3 -carpelled, syncarpous, 3 -loculed, the placentation axile, the ovules 2 per locule, the style 1, filiform, declinate, the stigma minute, subcapitate. Fruit a 3-valued capsule, subglobose, beaked by the fleshy base of perianth, dehiscing irregularly; seeds globose, endosperm  copious, fleshy.

Flowering and fruiting period:-- Throughout the year

Distribution: -- Grows wild or planted in tropical regions of Myanmar

Parts used and uses: Bulb and leaf -- Splenomegaly; Ascites; Biliousness; Expectorant; As an antidote for poisons; Metrorrhagia; Abdominal tumours; Dysuria; Heal boils and carbuncles; Cathartic; As an antidote for snake venom and spider toxin. Bulb -- Heals sores. Leaf -- Oedema; Back-ache; Knee-ache

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KS-TMN 041

{ga.moan:kwin:hto:} Crinum latifolium L. 1-315

Botanical name -- Crinum latifolium L. Sp. Pl. 291. 1753.
Myanmar name -- Gamone-kwin-htoe
English names -- Knotted Lily, Poison bulb
Family -- Amaryllidaceae

Burmese-Myanmar name in Nagathein 1-315:
 {ga.moan:kwin:hto:}

Photos:
left -- close up of flowers and fruits
right -- habit with flowers and fruits
Click on the pictures to enlarge.

Identification characters:
A perennial herb; rootstock large, tunicated subglobose bulb, narrowed into a short stout neck. Roots adventitious, fleshy, white. Aerial stems short, stout, erect. Leaves basal, numerous; exstipulate; petioles sheathing; laminae lorate, thin, the bases sheathing, the margins entire, the tips acuminate, bright green, keeled and waved, the surfaces glabrous, the margins subscabrid. Inflorescences in umbels, the umbels 10- to 20- flowered, borne on a solid compressed scape, inserted on the neck of bulb, as long as the leaves, purplish; bracts 2, spathaceous, oblong--lanceolate, reddish or purple. Flowers showy, fragrant, bracteolate, pedicellate, bisexual, actinomorphic, trimerous, epigynous. Perianth synphyllous, salverform, the lobes 6 in 2 whorls, elliptic-oblong or elliptic-lanceolate, as long as or shorter than the tube, much longer than stamens, white or with reddish purple tinge towards the centre or wholly reddish purple, the tubes cylindric, curved. Androecium polyandrous, stamens 6 in 2 whorls, epipetalous on the throuat of perianth tube, the filaments filiform, declinate, the anthers dithecous, oblongoid, dorsifixed, introrse, dehiscence longitudinal. Pistil 1, ovary oblongoid, 3 -carpelled, syncarpous, 3 -loculed,  the placentation axile, the ovules 5-6, superposed in each locule, the style filiform, longer than stamens, the stigma minute, subcapitate. Fruit a 3-valved capsule, subglobose, beaked by the fleshy base of perianth, dehiscing irregularly; seeds globose, endosperm copious, fleshy.

Flowering and fruiting periods: December-March

Distribution: Grows wild and cultivated throughout Myanmar.

Parts used and uses: Rhizome -- Diarrhoea; Pyrexia; Arthritis; Emesis; Otalgia; Otic disease

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End of TIL file