Update: 2007-03-16 04:38 PM -0500

TIL

Myanmar Medicinal Plant Database

compiled by U Kyaw Tun, U Pe Than, and staff of TIL. Not for sale.

Disclaimer: Because of the nature of the compilation, there are bound to be errors, and the reader is advised to check the accuracy of the data given. TIL and the authors do not accept responsibility (legal or otherwise) for any inconvenience that might have caused the reader.

Contents of this page:
Romabama entries in English-Latin alphabetical order.

• {tha.hpan:} • Ficus spp • Moraceae
• {tha.hpan: (r้)} • Ficus glomerata • Moraceae
• {tha.hpan: (thing:bau:)} • Ficus carica • Moraceae
• {tha.l่}   • Punica granatum • Punicaceae
• {tha.nap-hka:} • Hesperethusa crenulata / Limonia crenulata • Rutaceae
• {thak.ring:kri:}   • Croton oblongifolius • Euphorbiaceae
• {thhya:hpru} ; {hsi:hpru} ; • Emblica officinalis • Euphobiaceae
• {thi-hoL-tha.rak} • Anacardium occidentale • Anacardiaceae
• {thi-hoL-this-kran-po:} • Cinnamomum zeylanicum • Lauraceae
• {th๏n~bau:ma.ัho:} • Vinca rosea • Apocynaceae
• {th๏n~bau:m่-za.li}   • Cassia alata • Leguminosae
• {this-hseim.} • Terminalia bellerica Roxb. • Combretaceae
• {this.ka.to:}   Cedrela toona • Meliaceae
• {this-krไn-po:}   • Cinnamomum tamala • Lauraceae
  {this-krไn-po:} • Cinnamomum spp
• {thi:thi:ping} • Limonia acidissima • Rutaceae

Main Index of DB | Top
Contents of this page

{tha.hpan:}

Ficus spp.

Family: Moraceae

UKT: Several species of the genus Ficus were listed under {tha.hpan:} with or without affixes, and also under other names.
Note: In Burmese the adjective usually follows the noun, and so {tha.hpan: r้} and {r้ tha.hpan:} are exactly the same.

For more information, go to Ficus spp. fam: Moraceae

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{tha.hpan: (r้)}

Ficus glomerata

Family: Moraceae

MMPDB2006: {tha.hpan: (r้)}

Burmese-Myanmar transcripts :
• Agri.Dept.2000 50-1334: {r้ tha.hpan:}
• FAO 123: collectively as Ficus spp.
• L่-seik-shin : NL
• KS-TMN: NL
• Nagathein : {tha.hpan: (r้)}
• UHM : NL

Myanmar-Script Spelling
• Official Myanmar Dictionaries  :
{r้-tha.hpan:}  -  -- TravPo-M-Dict 269
{r้-tha.hpan:} - n. kind of fig usually found near watercourses, Ficus glomarata -- Myan-Engl-Dict 398

For more information, go to Ficus glomerata  fam: Moraceae

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{tha.hpan: (thing:bau:)}

Ficus carica

Family: Moraceae.

MMPDB2006:{tha.hpan: (thing:bau:)}

Burmese-Myanmar transcript names:
• Agri.Dept.2000 60-1614: {thing:bau: tha.hpan:}
• FAO 123: collectively as Ficus spp.
• L่-seik-shin : NL
• KS-TMN: NL
• Nagathein 3-367: {tha.hpan: (thing:bau:)}
• UHM 25: Tha-phan

Myanmar-Script Spelling
• Official Myanmar Dictionaries  :
NL as {thing:bau: tha.hpan:} or {tha.hpan: (thing:bau:)} in both TravPo-M-Dict and  Myan-Engl-Dict

For more information, go to Ficus carica

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{tha.l่}

Punica granatum

Family: Punicaceae

Burmese-Myanmar transcript names:
• Agri.Dept.2000 58-1555: {tha.l่:}
• FAO 181: salebin, talebin, thale
• L่-seik-shin : NL
• KS-TMN 189: Tha-le
• Nagathein 3-326: {tha.l่:}
• UHM 40: Tha-le

Myanmar-Script Spelling
• Official Myanmar Dictionaries
{tha.l่:} -   -- TravPo-M-Dict 321
{ta.lh่ั:} - -- TravPo-M-Dict 122
{ta.lh่ั:} - n. pomegranate, Punica granatum - Myan-Engl-Dict 165

For more information, go to Punica granatum

Contents of this page

{tha.nap-hka:}

Hesperethusa crenulata /
Limonia crenulata

Family: Rutaceae

UKT: {tha.nap-hka:}
   UKS-TMN probably was mistaken in identifying {tha.nap-hka:} as Limonia crenulata. Chklist identified it as Hesperethusa crenulata. However, Chklist could also be wrong, because I could not find even the genus Hesperethusa in USDA-NRCS among the American plants (-- admittedly a very weak argument). Out of my respect for Mr. Hundley and U Chit Ko Ko (Chklist), I have taken the name Hesperethusa crenulata  for {tha.nap-hka:}.
   Identification of the plant {thi:thi:ping} is also controversial. I have taken the name Limonia acidissima for it based on Chklist.
   The sections on Hesperethusa crenulata and Limonia acidissima must be read together.

Ref. Burmese-Myanmar transcripts :
• Agri.Dept.2000 57-1509 : {tha.nap-hka:} - Limonia accidissima (Chinese box tree)
• FAO  : NL
• L่-seik-shin: {tha.nap-hka:} - Limonia accidissima (Chinese box tree)
• KS-TMN 202: Thanat-kha; Thi-ha-yaza - Limonia crenulata (Eng. -- NG)
• Nagathein 3-353: {tha.nap-hka: ping} - Limonia accidissima (Eng. -- NG)
• UHM : NL
• Chklist (online): Hesperethusa crenulata (Roxb.) Roem. , Common Names: Sansph-ka, Thanakha, Thi-ha-yaza

 

Myanmar-Script Spelling
• Official Myanmar Dictionaries  : 
{tha.nap-hka:} --  - TravPo-M-Dict 318
{tha.nap-hka:} -- n. a kind of tree the bark and root of which are used in making a fragrant paste for cosmetic purposes, Limonea acidissima  - Myan-Engl-Dict 487

For more information, go to Hesperethusa crenulata

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{thak.rin:kri:}

Croton oblongifolius

Family : Euphorbiaceae

Ref. Burmese-Myanmar transcripts
• Agri.Dept.2000 59-1579 : {thak-ring:-kri:}
• FAO : NL
• L่-seik-shin : NL
• KS-TMN 093 :  Thetyin-gyi
• Nagathein 3-436: {thak-ring:-kri:} 
• UHM 18: Thet-yin-gyi

 

Myanmar-Script Spelling
• Official Myanmar Dictionaries:
{thak-ring:kri:} -- -- TravPo-M-Dict 331
{thak-ring:kri:} - n. small tree the root, bark, leaves and seeds of which are used medicinally, Croton oblongifolius.-- Myan-Engl-Dict 509

For more information go to: Croton oblongifolius  

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{thhya:hpru}

UKT: {thhya:hpru} is the same as {hsi:hpru} , Emblica officinalis  (fam:) Euphobiaceae.
   My interest in this plant at this point is the orthography. The word initial pronunciation is /ʃๆː/ similar to <ship> /ʃɪp/. How is /ʃๆː/ to be written akshara: {thhya:hpru} or {rha:hpru} ? There was a controversy among Burmese-Myanmar scholars for some time until Myanmarsar Commission settled the matter by adopting {rha:} as the official spelling. However this results in Romabama spelling {rha:}. Please note that Romabama is a transliteration -- not transcription.  Since the pronunciation is "sha" ( /ʃๆː/ in IPA ), the alternative spelling {thhya:} is preferable for transliteration among various aksharas such as Devanagari for Hindi names, Bengali-script, Tamil-script, and Nepali-script.

For more information go to: Emblica officinalis

Contents of this page

{thi-hoL-tha.rak}

Anacardium occidentale

Family: Anacardiaceae

Burmese-Myanmar transcript names:
• Agri.Dept.2000 58-1558: {thi-hoL-tha.rak}
• Chklist: Cashew nut, Mak-mong-sang-yip, Thiho-thayet
• FAO 63: Thiho thayet si. Syn. Cassurium reniforme
• LSR : NL
• KS-TMN : NL
• Nagathein 3-388: {thi-hoL-tha.rak}
• UHM 05: Thiho-thayetsss

 

Myanmar-Script Spelling
• {thi-hoL-tha.rak} -- MM324
• {thi-hoL-tha.rak} /|thi hou thaje'|/ - n. cashew, Anacardium occidentale -- MEDict496

UKT: {thi-hoL-tha.rak} literally means "the mango of Sri Lanka". However, since the plant does not belong to the mango group, {thi-hoL} is not to be treated as an affix. The mango in Burmese-Myanmar is {tha.rak}, and {thi-hoL} means the country of Sri Lanka.

For more information, go to: Anacardium occidentale

Contents of this page

{thi-hoL-this-kran-po:}

Cinnamomum zeylanicum

Family: Lauraceae

• Cinnamomum verum Presl. Cited as: Cinnamomum zeylanicum Nees. Habit: Tree. Distribution: Bago, Mandalay, Sagaing, Taninthayi. Common Names: Ceylon cinnamon, Cinnamon, Hman-thin, Thi-ho-thit-kya-bo, Thit-kya-bo.

Ref. Burmese-Myanmar transcript names:
• Agri.Dept.2000 58-1559: {thi-hoL this-kra-po:}
• FAO : NL
• L่-seik-shin : NL
• KS-TMN 118: Thit-kyan-bo; Thiho-thit-kyan-bo; Hman-thin.
• Nagathein 3-459:    {this-kra.po: (thin:bau:)}; (Eng) NG
• UHM 16: Na-lin-gyaw

UKT: UHM was probably wrong in describing C. zeylanicum as "Na-lin-gyaw", but right to given the English name as " True cinnamon".

Myanmar-Script Spelling
• Official Myanmar Dictionaries {na.ling-kyau}/ {lu.ling-kyau}
-  -- TravPo-M-Dict 160
-  -- TravPo-M-Dict 284
- {na.ling-kyau} - n. See {lu.ling-kyau} -- Myan-Engl-Dict 221
- {lu.ling-kyau} - n. tree, the roots of which are ground into a paste and used for relieving aches and pains, Cinnamonum obtusifolium -- Myan-Engl-Dict 426

• Official Myanmar Dictionaries {this-kranฐ-po:}
 -  -- TravPo-M-Dict 334
- n. cinnamon, Cinnamomum tamala -- Myan-Engl-Dict 513

For more information, go to Cinnamomum zeylanicum 

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{th๏n~bau:ma.ัho:}

Vinca rosea

Family : Apocynaceae

Ref. Burmese-Myanmar transcripts
• Agri.Dept.2000 : NL
• Chklist: Thinbaw-mahnyo-pan
• LSR 449: {th๏n~bau:ma.ัho:}
• FAO : NL
• KS-TMN: NL
• Nagathein :
• UHM : NL

 

Myanmar-Script Spelling
• {th๏n~bau:ma.ัho:}
-- MMDict333
• {th๏n~bau:ma.ัho:} /|thin: bo: mahnjou:|/ - n. Madagascar periwinkle. Vinca rosea -- MEDict511
• {za.lup} /|zala'| - n. kind of flowering shrub resembling the periwinkle. Cerbera fruiticosa -- MEDict149

For more information, go to Vinca rosea

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{th๏n~bau:m่-za.li}

Cassia alata

Family: Caesalpiniaceae

Burmese-Myanmar transcript names:
• Agri.Dept.2000 40-1050: {pw้:hs้:m่-za.li}
  Agri.Dept.2000 60-1610: {thing:bau:m่-za.li}
• FAO : NL
• L่-seik-shin 451 : {thing:bau:m่-za.li}
• KS-TMN : NL
• Nagathein 2-435: {thing:bau:m่-za.li}
• UHM : NL

Myanmar-Script Spelling
• Official Myanmar Dictionaries
{thing:~bau:m่-za.li} -  
--- TravPo-M-Dict 333
{thing:~bau:m่-za.li} - n. winged cassia, golden candlestick, Peltophorum inerme 
-- Myan-Engl-Dict 511

UKT: Since the name {m่-za.li} is given to Cassia siamea , the plant Cassia alata should be named {m่-za.li (thing:bau:)}: the word {thing:bau:} should appear as a suffix within parentheses, {m่-za.li (thing:bau:)}.  

UKT: picture of C. siamea given in http://www.ap.nic.in/apforest/Silviculture%20of%20Species/Forest%20Seeds/16.htm
   did not match the Myanmar {thin:bau:m่-za.li}
• Cassia alata L., Synonym:  -- herpetic alata; Family: Caesalpinaceae (caesalpinia family).
  -- http://www.tropilab.com/cassia-ala.html

For more information go to Cassia alata .

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{this-hseim.}

Terminalia belerica

Family: Combretaceae

Ref. Burmese-Myanmar transcripts :
• Agri.Dept.2000 61-1636:   {this-hseim.}
• FAO : NL
• L่-seik-shin 469: {this-hseim.}
• KS-TMN 082: Thit-seint
• Nagathein 3-495: {this-hseim.}
• UHM : NL

 

Myanmar-Script Spelling
Official Myanmar Dictionaries :
{this-hseim.} - -- TravPo-M-Dict 334
{this-hseim.} - n. belleric myrobalan; straight-stemmed tree bearing astringent, furry fruit with nutty kernels, Terminalia belerica -- Myan-Engl-Dict 513

For more information go to Terminalia bellerica

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{this-kranฐ-po:}

Cinnamomum tamala

Family: Lauraceae

Data from Chklist: Cinnamomum tamala (Buch.-Ham.) Nees & Eberm. Cited as: Cinnamomum cassia D. Don. Habit: Tree. Distribution: Chin, Kachin, Mandalay, Rakhine, Shan. Common Names: Cassia cinnamon, Indian cassia lignea, Maza, Shing-nam, Thikya-bo

Burmese-Myanmar transcript names:
• Agri.Dept.2000 61-1625: {this-kranฐ-po:}
• FAO : NL
• L่-seik-shin 459: {this-kra.po:}
• KS-TMN 117: Karaway
• Nagathein 3-462 {this-kra.po: (ro:ro: mran-ma)}
• UHM : NL

Data from Agri.Dept.2000:
• {ta.roat this-kranฐpo;}; Cinnamomum cassia; (Eng) Chinese cinnamon tree  -- Agri.Dept.2000 25-0651
• {this-kranฐ-po:}; Cinnamomum tamala; (Eng) Cinnamon -- Agri.Dept.2000 61-1625

UKT: What Nagathein 3-462 had given were two species; the first one being "Cinnamaumum" -- obviously a spelling mistake. What could it be? However, the second was clearly "Cinnamomum Tamala".

Myanmar-Script Spelling
• Official Myanmar Dictionaries {this-kranฐ-po:}
 -  -- TravPo-M-Dict 334
- n. cinnamon, Cinnamonum tamala -- Myan-Engl-Dict 513

UKT: The spelling {this-kranฐ-po:} is commonly misspelled as {this-kra.po:} and pronounced as {this-gya-bo:}.

For more information, go to Cinnamomum tamala (fam.) Lauracea

Contents of this page

{thi:thi:ping}

Limonia acidissima /
cited as Feronia elephantum

Family: Rutaceae

UKT: {thi:thi:ping}
   UKS-TMN probably was mistaken in identifying {tha.nap-hka:} as Limonia crenulata. Chklist identified it as Hesperethusa crenulata. However, Chklist could also be wrong, because I could not find even the genus Hesperethusa in USDA-NRCS among the American plants (-- admittedly a very weak argument). Out of my respect for Mr. Hundley and U Chit Ko Ko (Chklist), I have taken the name Hesperethusa crenulata  for {tha.nap-hka:}.
   Identification of the plant {thi:thi:ping} is also controversial. I have taken the name Limonia acidissima for it based on Chklist.
   The sections on Hesperethusa crenulata and Limonia acidissima must be read together.

Ref. Burmese-Myanmar transcripts :
• Agri.Dept.2000 58-1560: {thi:} as Ferionia elephantum
• FAO  : NL
• L่-seik-shin 437:  {thI: ping} as as Ferionia elephantum
• KS-TMN : NL
• Nagathein 3-410: {thI: ping} as as Ferionia elephantum
• UHM : NL

 

Myanmar-Script Spelling
• Official Myanmar Dictionaries  : 
  {thi:} - - TravPo-M-Dict 324
  {thi:} - n. wood apple tree, Ferionia elephantum  - Myan-Engl-Dict 497

For more information, go to Limonia acidissima

Contents of this page

Entry format: Burmese-Myanmar name / Botanical name / Family / Ref. Burmese-Myanmar transcripts / Official Myanmar Dictionary / Hindi / Sanskrit / English common name used in Myanmar / Picture / Plant identification characters / Distribution in Myanmar / Part used and uses / Constituents /
End of TIL file