indx-folk.htm
Maung Htin Aung. Printed and published by U Myint Maung, Deputy Director, Regd: No (02405/02527) at the Religious Affairs Dept. Press. Yegu, Kaba-Aye P.O., Rangoon, BURMA. 1981.
Copied, set in HTML, and edited by U Kyaw Tun (UKT) (M.S., I.P.S.T., USA), and staff of Tun Institute of Learning (TIL) . Not for sale. No copyright. Free for everyone. Prepared for students and staff of TIL Research Station, Yangon, MYANMAR : http://www.tuninst.net , www.romabama.blogspot.com
Note: This is an extensive work, and each section is updated on different dates.
index.htm |
Top
flk-ele-indx.htm
00. Preface | Foreword -
ch00pre-for.htm
------ update 170731, 200702
01. Folk Elements in Buddhism : dissension -
ch01.htm
------ update 170731
01.01. Paritta as Esoteric Buddhism - ch01-1.htm - update 170731
------ update 170731
01.02. Paritta chants - ch01-2.htm
------ to be updated later
02. Nine Gods -
ch02.htm
02.01. Nine Gods in 21st century -
ch02-1.htm
& construction of a
banana-stem monastery
02.02. Offerings -
ch02-2.htm
- 200702: the following still to be linked
(The following are yet to be rewritten,
Romabama checked, and HTML edited. Since it
involves a lot of labour and time, I will have
to leave it for another time. -- 130218)
Ghoramanta (alias) Goravinda (a Burmese god?) -
ghoramanta.htm (link chk
150826)
Tiger -
weretiger.htm - (link chk
150826)
I have lost the following files: links do not work anymore
Thurathati-goddess -
saras-thantun.htm link: folk elements/saraswati/saras-thantun.htm
- saras-india.htm link:
folk elements/saraswati/saras-india.htm
- saras-japan.htm link:
folk elements/saraswati/japan.htm
Thurathati-river -
where-mystery.htm link: folk elements/saraswati/where-mystery.htm
03. Feast of the New Year -
ch03-new-yr.htm
03.01. Feast of the New Year in Thailand -
new-yr-thai.htm
04. Cult of Alchemy -
ch04-alchem.htm
04.01. Metallurgy - metal.htm |
iron-Pagan.htm
05.
Cult of Magus -
ch05-magus.htm
05.01. Cult of Runes (part of
ch05-magus.htm)
Masters of the Buddhist Occult: the Burmese Weikzas -
weikza.htm
(UKT: Though this work is full of mistakes, I am
including it, to show how a scholarly article can be misleading.)
I am preparing an article "Weikzas of the Right-hand Path and Kawé
of the Left-hand Path", from:
Soans and Bilus , see:
MC-indx.htm >
MCc1pp-indx.htm > p072R.htm
06. Lord of the Great Mountain -
ch06-1-mahagiri.htm - update 170731
06.01. Byatwi-Byatta -
ch06-2-byat.htm - update 170731
06.02. Nat-lhaung Kyaung -
nat-prison.htm - lost link
06.03.
Festivals of Lights, from appendex -
ch06a-lightfest.htm - update 170731
07. Thirty-seven Lords: list -
ch07-nat-list.htm
07.01. Thirty-seven Lords:
- ch07-0408.htm
07.02. Thirty-seven Lords:
-
ch07-0922.htm
07.03. Thirty-seven Lords:
- ch07-2333.htm
07.04.
Analysis of 36-Lords (except Thagyamin) -
ch07-anal36.htm
07.05. Images of 37-Nats according to R. C. Temple -
RC-Temple37.htm
UKT 140719: I may add Cult of Mèdaw with excerpts
from Goddesses
in Ancient India by P. K. Agrawla,
Bennaras Hindu Univ., Abhinav
Publications, 1st. ed. 1984, pp.145
07.06.
Cult of Naga - ch07-cult-naga.htm
08.
Initiation Ceremonies -
08-initia.htm
09.
Ari Monks and the Introduction of Buddhism -
ch09-ari.htm
10.
Bibliography (part of ch09-ari.htm)
"A Half-full glass" and "An Half-empty glass",
though in reality are the same
is not the same to the hearer.
What Dr. Htin Aung has written,
and my review on his work, a dissension,
are bound to effect the reader differently.
I present my views, on my bended knees, to my respected elder,
and our common teacher Professor U Po Tha :
they are no longer living, yet they still do in my humble heart. -- UKT130218
Note to myself: I have split MYANMAR into 5 folders.
¤ Folk Elements in Buddhism --
you are in this folder now.
¤ General -- myn-indx.htm
¤ Geography & Geology --
geo-indx.htm
¤ Prehistory -- prehist-indx.htm
¤ Unified Myanmarpré before the British incursion --
sanger-indx.htm
Some files which were attached to Dr.HtinAung's book before the split
are
still to be to attached.
• Libray index - not
included in the internet version - LibRBM4M.htm
Collected papers in the library of RBM4M.
CD versions of RBM4M contains a library of resources which is excluded from the
internet version to protect the copyrights of the authors.
UKT notes
- 130110:
Myanmar spellings in both Myanmar script and in Romabama and are
included. Romabama spellings are within { }, and words within < > are
regular English words. Whenever a paragraph in an original text appears to be
unnecessarily long, or when there is a need to insert a lengthy explanation,
I have split up the paragraph marking the place with the mark, [UKT ¶ ] .
Now that I know just a wee bit of Sanskrit language written in
Devanagari script (Skt-Dev), I will give the Skt-Dev words which are supposed to
be Pali-Myanmar by people of Myanmarpré. Those who speak Hindi and Sanskrit must
take care that they do not use the IAST (International Alphabet of Sanskrit
Transliteration), and the IPA (International Phonetic Assoc.) transcription, but
use only the Romabama transcription (which is very close to pronunciation).
• Doggie's Tale : copy & paste
- in Bur-Myan (Burmese-Myanmar)
• Ancient Myanmar History,
Dr. Than Tun, {ma.ha-da.gaon sa-pé htoat-wé-ré:}, Yangon, 1969
• Burma,
Klein, W, Apa Productions (HK) Ltd, 1981
• Early History of Nat-worship in Myanmar
by Min Si Thu,
(in Burmese), 2nd printing, {shwé-daung:taung sa-pé}, Yangon, 2004.
• Glass-Palace - The Glass Palace Chronicles,
written in 1819 to 1837, repub. by
Min. of Info., Myanmar Gov., 4th reprint in Bur-Myan, in
3 volumes.
• The Glass Palace Chronicle, Mandalay Royal Printing Press, 1829.
4th printing in 1993 by Information Ministry, Myanmar.
• Historical Pagan Pagodas, U Than Hswé, {sa-pé-bi-maan} Press, Yangon, 1975
• Maha Razawin Gyi
U Kalar, Hanthawaddy Press 4th printing 1962
• Method of
Nine-god Puja
U Sein Pe, {shwé-tæÑ-sa-pé-teik}, Yangon, 1982
• MMDict - MLC Travelling Pocket Myanmar Dictionary,
Bur-Myan to Bur-Myan) by MLC, 1999, pp 401.
• MOrtho - MLC
Myanmar Orthography,
U Tun Tint editor,
Myanmar Language Commission (MLC), 1986, pp292
• ModPMDict - Modern Pali-Myanmar Dictionary
by {a.rhing Dam~math~tha-mi-Bi.wän-tha.}, Yangon, 2005, pp938 - in Bur-Myan
• PMDict - Compendium Pali Dictionary {pa-Li. a.Bi.Daan-hkyoap},
by {lèý-ti-paN~Ði.ta.} U Maung Gyi, Rangoon, 1966, pp.524 - in Bur-Myan
• Myanmar Razawin (approved school text}
by U Ba Than, 1st printing 1929,
8th printing by {eis~hsa-tha.ya.} press, 1964
• Myanmar Thudda, vol. 1 to 5 in Bur-Myan, Text-book Committee,
Basic Edu., Min. of Edu., Myanmar, ca. 1986
• Pali-thak-Dict - Pali-derived terms {pa-Li.thak wau:ha-ra. a.Bi.Daan}
U Tun Myint, assist. editor, Universities Translation and Publication
No.31, 1968
• "Pali Lessons" Module {a.ra.}-111{ka.},
(in Burmese) Univ. of Distance Education, 1999.
• "Pali Lessons" Module {a.ra.}-1001 Pali grammar,
(in Burmese)
Yangon Univ. of Distance Education, 2003
• Than Tun, Dr. - Professor and Head of Department of History,
Mandalay University
(my associate during my university service in Mandalay)
- an authority on Pagan
• Thirty-seven Kings (in Burmese)
U Po Kya, 1st printing 1937,
2nd printing by {pa-ra.mi sa-pé} 1999, pp.146
• Thirty-seven Nat Puja (in Burmese)
by Min Rama U Ohn Maung,
{a.theing:a.wun: sa-pé}, Yangon, 1992
• Traditional Nat Cult , 2nd ed. (in Burmese),
by U Khin Maung Than,
{ping-wa:roän sa-pé}, Yangon, 2001
• Tun Tint, U - editor (retd.), MLC
(my close friend and advisor on matters relating to
Myanmar literature, culture and history)
• UHS-PaliDict - {pa.dat~hta.miñ-tha} Pali-Myanmar Dictionary - U Hoke
Sein, 1999, pp1180
- in Bur-Myan and English-Latin
• MEDict - MLC Myanmar English Dictionary - MLC, 1993, pp 635
• UHS-Dict - Universal Burmese-English-Pali Dictionary - U Hoke Sein,
First edition, 1980, pp1064 .
• UML-USL-Dict - A Pali-Myanmar-English Dictionary of the Noble Words of the
Lord Buddha,
- U Myat Kyaw and U San Lwin, 2002, pp306
- in Skt-Dev (Sanskrit speech written in Devanagari script)
• A. A. Macdonell A Practical Sanskrit dictionary, 1893.
MC-indx.htm - continuing work
• Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English dictionary, 1899.
MW-indx.htm - complete
• TIL Sanskrit dictionary (in akshara-order) --
SED-indx.htm
- in English-Latin
• AHTD. American Heritage Talking Dictionary
• Burmese Grammar and Grammatical Analysis (Lonsdale 1899)
by A. W. Lonsdale, Education Department, Burma. British Burma Press, Rangoon,
1899, pp. 459.
Photocopy available in TIL library. Original from which the photocopy was taken
is in the library of
my brother-in-law U Ba Khin an avid book collector
• Childers - Dictionary of Pali Language, R. C. Childers, 1909
• DJPD16. - Daniel Jones, English Pronouncing Dictionary, 16 ed,
Cambridge University Press 2003.
• Narada - Ven.
Narada Thera, An Elementary Pali Course,
Buddha Dhamma Association, Inc. (Sri Lanka)
www.buddhanet.net
• Htin Aung - Maung Htin Aung,
Folk Elements in Burmese Buddhism,
Religious Affairs Department Press, Yegu,
Kaba Aye P.O., Rangoon, Burma, 1981.
• PTS (Pali Text Soc.) - Pali-English Dictionary,
ed. Rhys Davids and W. Stede,
reprint 1999 (1st publ. 1921-1925)
• Unicode Standard, Version 4.0, Unicode Consortium,
Chapter 9,
http://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode4.0.0/ch9.pdf
Chapter 10,
http://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode4.0.0/ch10.pdf
•
http://www.umanitoba.ca/linguistics/index.shtml
by U Kyaw Tun: 200629
Dr. Htin Aung, Ph.D., D.Litt., Associate Fellow, St. Antony's College, University of Oxford, was the Rector and Vice-Chancellor, University of Rangoon, 1946-59. He had also served the Rangoon University as the professor and head of department of English. During his tenure as the rector, he founded the Anthropology department in which he served as the professor and head of department. He was also the Burmese Ambassador to Ceylon, 1959-63. Dr. Htin Aung was well loved by his staff and students. Myanmars held him in high esteem because of his learning and academic abilities.
Dr. Htin Aung, or as Maung Htin Aung as he
would like to call himself was the son of U Hpein
{U:hpain:}.
U Hpein was a deputy commissioner in the service of
the British colonial administration in Burma
before the Second World War. I met U Hpein in Pauk town, near Pakokku in 1942. I
was a child then aged 7. He was also very short in stature just like his son.
Dr. Htin Aung was the rector of the Rangoon University when I joined the institution first as a student (1950 to 1955), and then as an assistant lecturer in chemistry (1955) . Though I did not know him personally, I, as one of the students and then as a staff had met him almost daily.
When the annual graduation ceremony came around, he would hand out the certificates to the recent graduates in the presence of the whole university senate presided over by the chancellor. In those days, the rector was also the commanding colonel of the University Training Corps and the chancellor was the prime minister. Dressed in colonel uniform at the head of his troops, he would welcome the prime minister. There would be a military band, and as Dr. Htin Aung was quite short in stature even for a Burmese, and rather plump, the view was quite remarkable. Then, the prime minister would enter the Council Chamber attended by Colonel Dr. Htin Aung. Once inside, the colonel would disappear for a few minutes and return to the chamber in academic robes as the rector. During this time the prime minister had put on the chancellor robes and cap.
Go back MgHtinAung-note-b
-- UKT 130613
Mnemonic
The Doggie Tale:
Little doggie cringe in fear -- ŋ (velar),
Seeing Ella's flapping ears -- ɲ (palatal)
And, the Shepard's hanging rear -- ɳ (retroflex).
Doggie so sad he can't get it out
What's that Kasha क्ष
when there's a Kha ख ?
And when there's Jana ज्ञ
what I am to do with Jha झ?
On top of all there're husher and hisser, Sha श /ʃ/ and Ssa ष /s/,
when I am stuck with Theta स
/θ/ !"
Little Doggie don't be sad,
You are no worse than a Celtic Gnome
Losing G in his name, he is just a Nome!
Note to digitizer: you can copy and
paste the following:
Ā ā ă ấ Ē ē ĕ ế Ī ī ĭ Ō ō
ŏ Ū ū ŭ ː
Ḍ ḍ Ḥ ḥ Ḷ ḷ Ḹ
ḹ Ṁ ṁ Ṃ ṃ
Ṅ ṅ
Ñ ñ Ṇ ṇ ɴ Ṛ ṛ Ṝ ṝ
Ś ś Ṣ ṣ Ṭ ṭ ɕ ʂ
Book marks: * star, † dagger (alt0134), ‡ double dagger (alt0135).
Bur-Myan: for {gna.}-onset use c ċ (U010B) - unfortunately ċ is non-ASCII
• Instead of Skt-Dev ः {wic~sa.} use "colon" :
• Avagraha ऽ use apostrophe
• Repha spelling: exemplified by
¤ dharma: ध र ् म
--> धर्म
¤ spota: ष ् प र ् श ा ः
--> ष्पर
• Root sign √ ; approx ≅
• IAST Dev: भ आ इ ई उ ऊ
ऋ ऌ ऍ ऎ ए ऐ
ऑ ऒ ओ औ
च «ca» छ «cha» श
ś [ɕ] /ʃ/ ; ष ṣ [ʂ] /s/;
स s [s] /θ/ ;
ऋ {iRi.} & ॠ {iRi},
viram ् , rhotic ऋ ृ
• Skt-Dev Row #3: ट ठ ड ढ ण ;
conjunct ट ् ठ
= ट्ठ
• Skt-Dev numbers, 0-9: ० १ २ ३ ४ ५ ६
७ ८ ९
• IAST Dev: Repha & Viram-position, e.g. तर्ज «tarj» [ targ ] = त र ् ज
• Skt-Dev special phonemes: Ksa क ् ष
= क्ष
• Undertie in Dev transcription: ‿ U203F
• Using ZWNJ (ZeroWidthNonJoiner), e.g. ,
क्ष
(code: क्‌ष)
See Wikipedia:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero-width_non-joiner 150630
• IPA-, Pali- & Sanskrit nasals: ŋ ṅ ṅ ,
ɲ ñ ñ , ɳ ṇ ṇ, n n n , m m m
Pali- & Skt {þé:þé:tín}: aṁ , aṃ
• IPA symbols:
ɑ ɒ ə ɛ ɪ ɯ ʌ ʊ ʃ ʧ ʤ θ ŋ ɲ ɳ
ɴ ɔ ɹ ħ ʔ /ˌ / /ʰ/ /ʳ/ /ː/
<king> /kɪŋ/ (DJPD16-300)
<kick> /kɪc/ (DJPD16-299 gives /kik/) and <kiss> /kɪs/ (DJPD16-301)
<church> /ʧɜːʧ/ (DJPD16-097)
<success> /sək'ses/ (DJPD16-515)
<thin> /θɪn/ (DJPD16-535),
<thorn> /θɔːn/
(DJPD16-535)
circumflex-acute :
ấ U+1EA5 , ế U+1EBF
upsilon-vrachy ῠ
small-u-breve ῠ ŭ
• Subscripts: ₀ ₁ ₂ ₃ ₄ : CO₂
Go back Dog-note-b
End of TIL file